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Biology 11 Ch 1
Classifying Life's Diversity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| species | a group of organisms that can interbreed in nature and produce fertile offspring |
| morphology | the branch of biology that deals with the structure or form of organisms |
| phylogeny | the evolutionary history of a species |
| taxonomy | the branch of biology that identifies, names, and classifies species based on natural features |
| binomial nomenclature | the system of giving a two-word Latin name to each species—the first part is the genus and the second part is the species |
| genus (plural genera) | taxonomic group of a closely related species |
| classification | the grouping of organisms based on a set of criteria that helps to organize and indicate evolutionary relationships |
| hierarchical classification | the method of classifying organisms in which species are arranged in categories from most general to most specific |
| rank | a level in a classification scheme, such as phylum or order |
| taxon (plural taxa) | a named group of organisms such as phylum Chordata or order Rodentia |
| ancestor | an organism (or organisms) from which other groups of organisms are descended |
| anatomy | the branch of biology that deals with structure and form, including internal systems |
| physiology | the branch of biology dealing with the physical and chemical functions of organisms, including internal processes |
| phylogenetic tree | a branching diagram used to show the evolutionary relationships among species |
| structural diversity | a type of biological diversity that is exhibited in the variety of structural forms in living things, from internal cell structure to body morphology |
| prokaryotic | a smaller, simple type of cell that does not have a membrane-bound nucleus |
| eukaryotic | a larger, complex type of cell that does have a membrane bound nucleus |
| dichotomous key | an identification tool consisting of a series of two-part choices that lead the user to a correct identification |
| autotroph | an organism that captures energy from sunlight (or sometimes non-living substances) to produce its own energy-yielding food |
| heterotroph | an organism that cannot make its own food and gets its nutrients and energy from consuming other organisms |
| species diversity | the variety and abundance of species in a given area |
| genetic diversity | the variety of heritable characteristics (genes) in a population of interbreeding individuals |
| ecosystem diversity | the variety of ecosystems in the biosphere |
| gene pool | all the genes of all the individuals in a population |
| population | a group of individuals of the same species in a specific area at a specific time |
| resilience | the ability of an ecosystem to remain functional and stable in the presence of disturbances to its parts |
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marsenault
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