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Biology Hormones
The Human Body's Hormones and Theyre functions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Growth Hormone (GH) | Made and Secreted by Anterior Pituitary Gland, targets all tissues and organs, causes them to grow; stimulates cell-turnover rate |
| Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) | Made and Secreted by Anterior Pituitary Gland, stiumlates thyroid gland to secrete thyroid hormones |
| Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) | Made and Secreted by Anterior Pituitary Gland, stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete its hormones (adrenaline/stress) |
| Follicle Stiumlating Hormone (FSH) | Made and Secreted by Anterior Pituitary Gland, targets gonads (Male/Female reproductive organs)--either stimulates ovaries in female (maturation of ova/release of estrogen) OR the testes in males to make sperm |
| Luteinizing hormone (LH) | Made and Secreted by Anterior Pituitary Gland, stimulates gonads, either ovaries in females to develop a corpus luteum OR testes in males to make testosterone |
| Prolactin | Made and Secreted by Anterior Pituitary Gland, released only after childbirth, stiumlates mammary glands to make breastmilk |
| Oxytocin | Stored and Secreted by Posterior Pituitary gland [made by hypothalmus] causes uterus to contract during childbirth, mammary glands to release milk during breastfeeding |
| Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) | Stored and Secreted by Posterior Pituitary gland [made by hypothalmus] cases kidneys to retain water AKA vasopressin |
| Thyroxine | Secreted by Thyroid (aka thyroid hormone) makes cells increase their rate of metabolism |
| Calcitonin | Secreted by Thyroid activates special cells in bone that remove calcium from the blood and use it to build new bone (reduces blood calcium levels) |
| Parathyroid hormone OR parathormone | Secreted by parathyroid glands opposite of calcitonin, activates special cells in bone that dissolve the bone to release calcium into the blood |
| Epinephrine (adrenaline) | secreted by adrenal medulla involved in fight or flight, increase heart rate |
| Norepinephrine (nonadrenaline) | secreted by adrenal medulla binds to receptors and causes sympathetic division |
| Glucocorticoids | secreted by adrenal cortex causes liver to produce glucose from fats and proteins [gluconeogenisis] |
| Mineralocorticoid | secreted by adrenal cortex (ex) aldoserone - causes kidney to retain sodium (and water) and return it to the body |
| Sex steroids | secreted by adrenal cortex (ex) testosterone, etc., but the primary source of those hormones is the gonads |
| Insulin | secreted by pancreas whenever blood glucose levels are high [decreases blood glucose levels |
| Glucagon | secreted by pancreas when blood glucose is low, causing liver to break down glycogen to release glucse [increases blood glucose levels] process = glycogenolysis |
| androgens | male sex steroids produced by the testes (ex) testosterone - sperm production, puberty |
| estrogen & progesterone | female sex steroids produced by the ovaries, estrogen (estradiol) are involved in puberty, menstrual cycle |
Created by:
ahtstudystack
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