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evolution

biology-evolution

QuestionAnswer
any pre-existing organism preserved in a material, such as rock, shells, mud or amber fossils
idea that says that organisms with favorable characteristics survive and reproduce at a greater rate natural selection
a group of closely related organisms capable of mating and producing fertile offspring species
small or incomplete organs that have no apparent function vestigial organs
a process by which existing species change or branch into a new species evolution
these are different forms of the same elements, due to a different number of neutrons isotopes
structures in different species that have the same evolutionary origin homologous structures
he developed the idea that the more an organism used a body part, then the part would develop more Lamarck
structures or behaviors that enable an organism to survive in a given environment adaptations
He felt that due to certain characteristics, surviving individuals have an advantage over others in the competition for resources Darwin
What type of evidence of evolution is : bones in a bird's wing and a human's arm are similar in structure homologous structure
What evidence of evolution is: all organisms use ATP in energy transfer biochemical
What evidence of evolution is: there are similarities in structure among the early stages of fish, birds and humans embryology
What evidence of evolution is: humans, unlike rabbits, have no known use for their appendix vesitgial organs
What evidence of evolution is: horses have increased in size and decreased in number of toes since the Eocene fossil evidence
all genes in a population is called gene pool
when brief periods of change interrupt long stable periods there is puncutated equilibrium
changes in gene frequency in small populations is called genetic drift
changes that occur gradually over time are called gradualism
Darwin is associated with the process of natural selection
this is used to determine the age of fossils radioactive dating
Gene or choromosomal changes are called mutations
When many species vanish at one time it is called mass extinction
Mendel is associated with the evolutionary concept of use and disuse
when unrelated species become less alike it is called divergern evolution
when unrelated species become more alike it is called convergent evolution
The steps in Darwin's theory are: overproduction, struggle for existence, variation, natural selection
Most fossils are found in sedimentary rock
reasonably accurate dating of fossils is possible by measuring the break down of ___________ in the rock carbon isotopes
body parts that show a similar structure but are used differently by different species are homologous structures
a structure or behavior that contribures to the survival of an organism in a particular environment is called an adaptation
the amount of time it takes for one half of an isotope sample to change and become a new element is the isotope's half-life
when dramatic changes are followed by long periods of stability it is called punctuated equilibrium
when many species develop from a single ancestor there is convergent evolution
when unrelated species have similar adaptations this has occurred stabilizing selection
when harmful mutations do not increase in frequency this occurrs stabilizing selection
Did birds, reptiles, fish or worms evolve most recently birds
natural selection acts on variations with populations
incomplete body organs that seem to have no useful function in a particular species are called vestigial
embryos of related organisms show many similarities
a change in allele frequency can lead to speciation and a different genetic equilibrium
Created by: KPatrickwcu12
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