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Chp. 15 bio

The cell cycle, mitosis and meiosis

QuestionAnswer
Chromatin long fibers. makes chromosomes
histones proteins that dna winds around
diploid cell has 2 complete sets of chromosomes. one inherited by each parent. these are somatic or body cells
somatic body cells
haploid cell has one complete set of chromosomes. these are eggs and sperm. or gametes
gametes sex cells such as sperm and eggs.
somatic cells are diploid
gametes cells are haploid
Humans have how many somatic cells 46
humans have how many pairs of chromosomes 23 pairs
identical pairs are called sister chromatids
mitosis is used for growth and replacement of dead or damaged cells
mitosis starts and ends with starts with: one parent cellwith two copies of each chromosome Ends with: two daughter cells with two copiew of each chromosome.
mitosis stages interphase (1. prophase 2. metaphase 3. anaphase 4. telophase) cytokinesis
prophase the chromosomes become tightly folded. membrane starts to breakdown and nucleus dissapears. microtubles grow out. spindle fibers lengthen.
metaphase now the nuclear membrane is completely gone. sister chromatids line up in single file. spindle fibers attach the sister chromatids
Anaphase centromeres break apart sister chrom and seperate one another. they are now daughter chromosomes. fibers tow the chromosomes to opposite side.
telophase reverse prohpase. the chromsomes form into two seperate nuclei and nuclear membrane appears. nucleoulus reappers.
cytokinesis is the seperation of cytoplasm to form 2 cells. cell plate forms in plant cells. cleavage furrow in animal cells.
cell plate happens in plant cells
cleavage furrow happens in animal cells.
Created by: 1574238891
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