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Microbiology: 206
Classifying Algae, Protozoa, Fungi, Molds, Parasites
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Name the eukaryotic members of the microbial world? | ~ Algae, Fungi, Slime molds and water molds, Protozoa, Multicellular parasites |
| What are some characteristics of Algae? | ~ simple reproductive systems, lack vascular systems, use light energy, microscopic & macroscopic, diverse group, doesn't directly infect humans, produce toxins |
| What are some factors to classify Algae? | ~ not strict classifying, found in fresh/salt water and soil, major producers of oxygen, phytoplankton are a major food source, pioneer organisms |
| What is pyrrophyta-dinoflagellates? | ~ Algae: several produce toxins that cause redtides, or algae blooms in the ocean |
| What is Gymnodinium breve? | ~ Algae: produce breve toxin, which kills fish, rarely kills people, but causes reactions like diarrhea and reduced pulse |
| What is Genus Gonyaulax? | ~ Algae: produces neurotoxins. some of the most non-protein poisons known. accumulate in shellfish tissue and cause death |
| What is Pfiesteria piscida? | ~ Algae: normally nontoxic until fish pass by. a chemical cue causes it to morph into a flagellated zoospore. releases toxin that stun fish and cause skin to slough off |
| What are characteristics of protozoa? | ~ Microscopic, unicellular, lack photosythetic ability, motile at some stage of their lifecycle, found in marine, freshwater, or terrestrial environment |
| Name 4 phylums in the protozoa family? | ~ Sarcomastigophora, Ciliophora, Apicomplexa, Microspora |
| What is Sarcomastigophora? | ~ includes most of the disease causing protozoa |
| What is phylum ciliophora? | ~ the ciliates, organisms that have cilia. Balantidium coli is the only known ciliate to cause human disease |
| What is phylum Apicomplexa? | ~ refered to as sporozoa, cause some of the most serious protozoan diseases in humans. malaria, toxoplasma gondii, crptosporidium parvum |
| What is phylum microspora? | ~ intracellular protozoa that infect immunocompromised humans (microsporidiosis) |
| What are some characteristics of fungi? | ~ large number cause disease in plants, few cause disease in animals |
| What are 5 classifications of fungi? | ~ Zygomycdtes (bread molds), Basidiomycetes (common mushroom), Ascomycetes (food spoilage molds), Deutreromycetes (human patogens), chytridiomycota (simple true fungi) |
| What 4 ways cause fungal disease in humans? | ~ Cause allergic reaction to spores or vegetative cells, react to toxins produced, grow on or in the body (mycoses), destroy human food suply. |
| Name an example of a mycoses fungal disease? | ~ histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, candidiasis |
| What does superficial mean in disease? | ~ affect only hair, skin nails |
| What does intermediate mean in disease? | ~ affects respiratory tract or skin and subcutaneous tissure |
| What does systemic mean in disease? | ~ affects tissues deep in body |
| What are characteristics of slime molds and water molds? | ~ used to be considered types of fungus, divisions of myxomycota & acrasiomycota (acellular or cellular) and oomycota & oomycetes (caused the potato famine in ireland) |
| What are arthropods? | ~ include ticks, fleas, and mites |
| What are some characteristics of arthropods? | ~ acts as vectors for transmitting diseases (mechanical/biological) |
| What is a mechanical vector? | arthropod picks up the material on its body and transmits it |
| What is a biological vector? | ~ essential part of the life cycle, pathogen multiplies within the vector |
| What is arbovirusees? | ~ arthrophod bone viruses. |
| Female mostquitoes need ? for proper development of eggs? | ~ blood |
| How much food can a female mosquito eat? | ~ twice her body weight |
| What causes the alergic reaction to the skin when a mosquito bites? | ~ the saliva injected by needlelike stylets |
| Can mosquito transmit disease? | ~ yes, by picking up infectious agent from host and then takes a 2nd meal from different host |
| How do fleas get around? | ~ they are wingless, so they have powerful hind legs to jump far |
| What 2 things can fleas transmit to humans? | ~ Yersinia pestis and Murine typhis |
| What could happen if you accidently ate a flea? | ~ it's possible to get a tape worm (dipylidium caninum) that way |
| How does lice attack their prey? | ~ by piercing their skin and sucking their blood |
| Pediculas humanus attack how many hosts? | ~ lice only attack humans |
| What can lice transmit? | ~ trench fever, epidemic typhus, and relapsing fever |
| What is the name for crab louse? | ~ phthirus pubis |
| Some ticks produce saliva that causes ? | ~ paralysis |
| The wood tick is a vector for what? | ~ rocky mountain spotted fever |
| What is loxdes scapularis? | ~ a tick that transmits the bacteria that causes lyme disease |
| Where do mites live? | ~ on the surfaces of animals and plants |
| What is the name for scabies? | ~ sarcoptes scabiei (mites) |
| What do dust mites contribute to? | ~ allergies and asthma |
| What disease is transmitted by mouse mites? | ~ rickettsial pox |
| What disease is transmitted by rodent mites? | ~ scrub typhus |
| What are Helminths? | ~ parsitic worms that cause disease by invading the host tissues or robbing the host of nutrients |
| Do helminths attack more than one host? | ~ Yes, some do, having complex life cycles |
| Name some helminths? | ~ nematodes or roundworms, cestodes or tapeworms, trematodes or flukes |
| What is the physical appearance of a nematode in the helminth family? | ~ have cylindrical tapered body, with tubular digestive tract that extends from the mouth to the anus |
| What are the 2 groups that nematodes can be divided into? | ~ one that inhabit the gastrointestinal tract, and ones that are found in the blood and in other tissues |
| What is the cestode's (in the helminths family) physical appearace? | ~ flat, ribbon shaped bodies that are segmented. head, or scolex, has suckers and sometimes hooks |
| What do cestode's absorb directly? | ~ nutrients |
| How are cestodes transmitted to humans? | ~ when food is uncooked or undercooked. also sometimes transmitted by consuming fleas |
| What is the physical appearance of trematodes (in the helminths fmaily)? | ~ bilaterally symmetrical, flat and leaf shaped |
| How do trematodes eat? | ~ they have suckers that hold the organism in place and suck fliuds from host |
| What are some characteristics of trematodes? | ~ they are hemaphroditic (both sex organs) and usually have many hosts |
Created by:
Patrick24g
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