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Meosis Biology

QuestionAnswer
Somatic Cell body cell (non-reproductive)
homologous chromosomes carry genes for same trait (1 from mom, 1 from dad)
sex chromosomes 23rd chromosome. X or Y. male: XY female: XX
autosomes chromosomes 1-22
dipolid cell double amount of chromosomes that exist in homologous pairs (dipolid # for human is 46)
somate regular body cell (all but egg and sperm)
haploid cell half amount of chromosomes because there are no pairs (haploid # in human is 23)
gamete reproductive cell (egg and sperm)
fertilization when the egg and sperm unite
zygote the first cell that results from fertilization
meiosis cell division that produces gametes, 2 cell divisions (haploids and diploids)
tetrads overlapped chromosomes during crossingover
synapsis formation of tetrad
crossingover exchange of genes between homologous sister chromatids
chiasma overlap sites during crossover
genetic recombination new crossed over chromatids are genetically recombined
karyotype picture of paired chromosomes to see monosomy or trisomy
trisomy 21 extra chromosome in the 21st paired chromosome
down syndrome condition from trisomy 21
non-disjunction chromosomes don't seperate correctly in meiosis
non-disjunction of sex chromosomes less severe than autosomes but can't have no X
polyplody in plants not problematic, can lead new enhanced species
deletion piece of chromosome removed
duplication piece of chromosome has 2 copies
inversion order of genes on chromosome changed
translocation crossingover between non-homologous chromosomes
Created by: brandol
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