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Genetics Quiz 4

Chromosome Structure Variations, Linkage

QuestionAnswer
Unequal crossing over when homologous chromosomes pair up incorrectly during prophase of M1
Deletion when part of the chromosome has been removed
Duplication when part of the chromosome is repeated
Inversion when part of the chromosome has been re-inserted in reverse order
ring When the ends of the chromosome are joined together
translocation when parts of two non-homologous chromosomes are joined
The result of unequal crossing over one gamete has an extra copy of a gene and the other lacks that gene
pseudogenes DNA sequences that look like genes but are inactive
hemizygous has only one copy of genes and are expressed whether they are dominant or recessive (like genes on X in male mammals)
paracentric inversion centromere is not in the inverted region
pericentric inversion centromere is in inverted region
alternate segregation centromeres on opposite sides of the cross go to the same pole, results in euploids
adjacent segregation centromeres on the same side of the cross go to the same pole, results in aneuploids
linkage the failure of two genes to assort independently because the genes are close to each other on the same chromosome
syntenic two genes on the same chromosome
parental configuration gametes in the original configuration, same as one of the parents
recombinant configuration gametes have a combination of the parents' alleles
coupling when the dominant alleles for both genes on the same parental chromosome and both recessive alleles on the other parental chromosome
repulsion when one dominant and one recessive is on each parental chromosome
synapse when homologous chromosomes pair closely with each other
coefficient of coincidence ratio of observed double crossovers to expected double crossovers
1-(obs 2CO/exp 2CO) interference formula
(short map distance #1/100) x (short map distance #2/100) x (total # offspring) formula to find expected double crossovers
prototroph wild type
auxotroph mutant type unable to make a nutrient that prototrophs can
chemoauxotroph mutant type unable to use a nutrient prototrophs can
resistance mutant mutant type resistant to an environmental toxin
Created by: 653527423
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