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Chapter 9 Vocab
Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Vaccine | a substance prepared from killed or weakened pathogens and introduced into a body to produce immunity. |
| Virulent | describes a micro-organism or virus that causes diease and that is highly infectous. |
| Transformation | the transfer of genetic material in the form of DNA fragments from one cell to another or fromone organism to another. |
| Bacteriophage | a virus that infects bacteria. |
| Double Helix | the spiral- staircase structure characteristics of the DNA moleclue. |
| Nucleotide | in a nuleic- acid chain, a subunit that consists of a sugar, phosphate, and a nitrogenous base. |
| Deoxyribose | a five- carbon sugar that is a component of DNA nucleotides. |
| Base- Paring Rules | the rules stating that cytosine pairs with guanine and adenine pairs with thymine in DNA, and that adenine pairs, with uracil in RNA. |
| Complementary Base Pair | a charactersitic of nucleic acids in which the sequence of bases on one strand is paired to the sequence of bases on the other. |
| DNA Replication | the processs of making a copy of DNA. |
| DNA Helicase | an enzyme that unwinds the DNA double helix during DNA moleclue. |
| Relication Forks | a y- shaped point that results when two strands of a DNA double helix seperate so that the DNA moleclue can be replicated. |
| DNA Polymeras | an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of DNA replication. |