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Biology Vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Acid | any substances that creates H+ in water |
| Amino acid | building blocks of proteins, made up of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, and sometimes sulfer |
| Atom | the smallest particle of an element that still retains the properties of that element |
| Base | any substance that produces hydroxide ions, -OH, in a water solution |
| Carbohydrate | complex molecule formed by condensation, made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in a ratio of 2 H atoms and 1 O atom for every C atom |
| Compound | a substance containing two or more elements chemically combined |
| Covalent Bond | a bond formed between two or more atoms that are sharing electrons |
| Diffusion | the movement of substances from an area of high concentration to low concentration |
| Dynamic Equilibrium | equal movement of substances across a membrane |
| Element | matter containing the same kinds of atoms |
| Enzyme | a protein that changes the rate of a chemical reaction involved in nearly all metabolic processes |
| Hydrogen Bond | a weak bond formed by an attraction of opposite changes between hydrogen and oxygen |
| Ion | a charged particle that either has more of fewer electrons that protons |
| Ionic Bond | a bond formed between oppositely charged ions in an ionic compound |
| Isomer | compound with identical chemical formulas but different molecular structures and shapes |
| Isotope | atoms of same element that have different numbers of neutrons |
| Lipid | large biomolecules made of fatty acids, mostly carbon and hydrogen + small amounts of oxygen, that are non-polar thus insoluble in water |
| Metabolism | breaks down and builds molecules |
| Mixture | two or more substances physically combined, can easily be separated by physical means |
| Molecule | two or more atoms chemical combined |
| Nucleic Acid | polymers made of nucleotides, stores cellular information in the form of a code |
| Nucleotide | Carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus arranged in three groups (nitrogenous group, simple sugar, and phosphate group) |
| Nucleus | center of an atom, it contains protons and neutrons |
| Peptide Bond | Amino acids are bonded by peptide bonds. |
| pH | a measure of the concentration of hydronium ions in a solution using a scale ranging from 0-14, with 0 being the most acidic and 14 being the most basic |
| Polar Molecule | a molecule with a slightly positive and slightly negative end as a result of electrons being shared unequally |
| Polymer | class of natural or synthetic substances made up of many smaller, simple molecules, called monomers, arranged in large chains |
| Protein | large complex polymer formed when amino acids bond together in long chains, combined when an H+ ion from the amino group and an -OH ion from the carboxyl group are removed to form a water molecule which makes two amino acids bonding together |
| Solution | homogenous mixture containing microscopic particles in a liquid that remain uniformly and constantly mixed |
Created by:
fhnoel1996
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