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Cells and disease 1

Vocabulary from Cell unit

QuestionAnswer
cell membrane the outer layer of a cell
purpose of cell membrane to control what goes in and out of the cell
cytoplasm the gel-like substance that fills most of the inside of the cell
nuclear membrane surrounds the nucleus, controlling what goes in and out of the nucleus
nucleus the control center of the cell that contains the genetic material
organelles parts of a cell that have specific functions
cell the smallest unit of living things
Cell Theory the idea that all living things are made of one or more cells and that cells reproduce to make more cells.
Germ Theory of Disease the idea that germs (certain microbes) cause diseases
multicellular organisms that are made of many parts with different functions that help the whole organism survive
cellular respiration the process that all cells do that uses food (sugar) and oxygen to get energy
carbon dioxide and water the waste products of cellular respiration
why we breathe to get the energy from food (with cellular respiration)
semipermeable describes the fact that membranes can let certain things in but stop others
mitochondria where much of cell respiration takes place (in eukaryotes), converts energy for the cell
makes bread rise yeast respiring and giving off carbon dioxide
zygote fertilized cell
mitosis cell reproduction in eukaryotes, for growth and repair
specialization The process of cells taking on specific shapes and functions, different from many other cells of the same organism.
differentiation The differences in cells in an organism. For example, skin cells are very different from nerve cells, which are very different from muscle cells.
organelles found in plant cells but not animal cells chloroplasts and cell wall
advantage of cells being smaller There is more total surface area, so the cell can absorb more nutrients and oxygen and get rid of wastes more easily.
"ingredients" for cellular respiration oxygen and nutrients
main waste product from cellular respiration carbon dioxide
virus nonliving thing with genetic material that cause illness
unicellular organisms that are made of just one cell
microbe organisms too small to see without a microscope, could be one cell or more than one cell
Created by: TBraunsdorf
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