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Bio110 chapter 5

Integumentary System

QuestionAnswer
The Integumentary System consists of skin, its accessory structures (hair, glands,etc.) and _____________ tissue subcutaneous tissue
The functions of the integumentary system are Protection, both _________ & __________ pathogenic & physical
Storage, insulation, and cooling are functions for the ____________ system Integumentary
The skins two layers are the ________ & _______ epidermis and dermis
The _________ is the outer layer of the skin epidermis
The ______ is the inner layer of the skin Dermis
The epidermis is made of _________ __________ epithelial tissue stratified squamous
The dermis is made of ________ ___________ tissue fibrous connective
The layer of the skin that is made of stratified squamous epithelium is the epidermis
The layer of the skin that is made of fibrous connective tissue is the dermis
The _______ layer of skin is primarily made of the proteins collagen and elastin dermis
The dermis is made primarily of the proteins ________ & ________ elastin & collagen
The lowest layer of the epidermis is the stratum _____________ germinativum
The stratum germinativum is the ________ layer of the epidermis lowest
The function of the stratum germinativum is ______ mitosis
Mitosis occurs in the lowest layer of the epidermis. This layer is called the stratum germinativum
The new cells of the epidermis produce the protein keratin
Keratin is a ________ that makes skin relatively waterproof protein
The cells of the epidermis produce antimicrobial chemicals called defensins
Defensins are the ______________ chemicals of the epidermis antimicrobial
The cells of the epidermis that phagocytize pathogens are the __________ _____ langerhans cells
Langerhans cells are found in the epidermis of the skin where they ____________ __________ phagocytize pathogens
Langerhans cells are found in the _________ of the skin where they phagocytize pathogens epidermis
The outermost layer of the epidermis is the stratum __________ Corneum
The stratus corneum is the __________ layer of the epidermis outermost
The stratum corneum is made of several layers of ____ cells which are made of _________ dead, keratin
The stratum _________ is made of several layers of dead cells made of keratin corneum
The function of the stratum corneum is to prevent _______ loss or entry water
Prevention of water loss or entry is the function of the ________ ________ stratum corneum
Prevention of the entry of pathogens is a function of the stratum _________ corneum
The stratum corneum prevents the entry of _________ through the epidermis pathogens
Melanocytes produce the protein _______ melanin
Melanin is produced by ____________ melanocytes
Living skin cells are protected from exposure to ultraviolet rays by _______ melanin
Melanin protects ________ skin cells from exposure to ___________ rays Living, ultraviolet
Human hair helps to keep dust out of the _____ & ______ ________ eyes & nasal passages
Human hair has an insulating function on the _____ head
Another name for the stratum germinativum is stratum basale
The stratum germinativum is an area of continual ________ to replace skin cells that slough off mitosis
Defensins are peptides synthesized by living keratinocytes and are in times of _____________ inflammation
The uneven junction between the dermis and epidermis is called the papillary layer
The papillary layer is found between the _______ & the __________ dermis & epidermis
The papillary layer has an __________ blood supply abundant
Hair follicles are within the _______ but made of epidermal tissue dermis
The dermis contains hair & nail follicles, _______ receptors and glands sensory
The hair root contains cells called the _______ matrix
Hair follicles produce ________ keratin
Hair gets it color from ________ melanin
Melanin gives hair its _______ color
______ cells die and become the hair shaft keratin
The muscle that makes hair stand up is called the ________ ____ arrector pili
The arrector pili muscle is also know as ________ pilomotor
The arrector pili muscle is stimulated by _____ or _________ cold or emotion
Goosebumps are caused by the ________ ____ muscle arrector pili
Nail follicles are the _______ & ___ nails finger & toe nails
The nail root is where _______ occurs mitosis
The nails are made from _______ for hardness keratin
The nails _______ the ends of fingers and toes from mechanical injury protect
________ receptors provide information about the environment to the CNS sensory
More sensitive areas have _____ receptors more
Most touch receptors are in the _______ dermis
Touch and pressure are received by ___________ nerve endings encapsulated
Heat, cold & pain are received by _____ nerve endings free
Free nerve endings send the message for ____, ____, & ____ heat, cold & pain
Encapsulated nerve ending receive information from _____ & ________ touch & pressure
The nails grow by the process of _______ in the root mitosis
The visible portion of the nails are made of _______ keratin
Scratching is a function of _________ fingernails
Drying of the skin is prevented by ______ sebum
Sebum is an secretion of __________ glands sebaceous
Sebaceous glands secrete _____ sebum
Sebum inhibits the growth of _______ on the skin bacteria
The growth of bacteria is inhibited by _______ on the skin sebum
Drying of the eardrum is prevented by _________ cerumen
The glands that secrete cerumen are called _______ glands ceruminous
Ceruminous glands secrete ________ to prevent the drying of the eardrum cerumen
Ceruminous glands are in the dermis of the ______ _____ auditory canal
Another name for cerumen is earwax
What are the two types of sweat glands Apocrine & eccrine
The axillary and pubic areas contain ________ sweat glands apocrine
Apocrine sweat gland activity is increased in times of ______ stress
Stress _______ the secretions of apocrine sweat glands increases
Apocrine sweat gland secretions which are metabolized by bacteria causes ___ ___ Body odor
Apocrine sweat glands are found in the ______ & _____ areas axillary & pubic
The Eccrine sweat glands are most abundant on the ____, _____ & _____ face, palms & soles
The face, palms and soles is where _______ sweat glands are most abundant eccrine
Eccrine sweat glands are important in _________ regulation temperature
Temperature regulation is a function of ______ sweat glands eccrine
The blood vessels in the dermis are called _______ arterioles
______ sweat glands help maintian normal body temperature eccrine
_____ is produced in follicles in the dermis hair
_______ are small arteries arterioles
The purpose of sweating is to _______ the loss of heat increase
In a cold environment, the arterioles in the dermis will _______ constrict
The arterioles in the dermis will constrict when it is ____ cold
When the arterioles in the dermis constrict, the loss of body heat will _________ decrease
Another name for the constricting of arterioles is vasoconstriction
Vasoconstriction is the name for when _________ constrict arterioles
Vasodilation increases _____ flow to the dermis blood
In a warm environment, the arterioles in the dermis will ______ dilate
When the arterioles dilate it is also called vasodilation
The arterioles will dilate when the external environment is ____ warm
When vasodilation occurs, the loss of body heat will be __________ increased
Vasodilation increases the _____ of body heat loss
Vasoconstriction is important to _________ body heat in a cold environment conserve
Vitamin __ is produced in the skin that is exposed to ultraviolet rays D
The precursor of vitamin D is cholesterol
Cholesterol is the precursor to vitamin D
Vitamin D is important for the absorption of _______ in the small intestine calcium
Calcium is absorbed in the _____ ________ with help from vitamin D small intestine
Ultraviolet light on the skin stimulates the production of vitamin __, which is important for the absorption of ________ D, calcium
The superficial fascia or hypodermis is __________ tissue subcutaneous
Subcutaneous tissue is a __________ tissue membrane connective
Loose areolar tissue and adipose tissue make up the ___________ tissue subcutaneous
Subcutaneous tissue is made of loose _______ tissue and ______ tissue areolar, adipose
Fat is stored in the ___________ tissue subcutaneous
Subcutaneous tissue is between the _______ & the muscles dermis
Between the dermis and the muscles you will find _________ tissue subcutaneous
Subcutaneous tissue or superficial fascia adipose tissue stores ____ for potential energy fat
In the superficial fascia, the tissue that contains many white blood cells is areolar connective tissue
In the integumentary system, areolar connective tissue is part of the ___________ tissue or _________ _______ subcutaneous or superficial fascia
The layer of the integumentary system that cushions some bones is the subcutaneous layer
The layer of the integumentary system that provide insulation by storage of fat is the subcutaneous layer
The layer of the integumentary system that stores potential energy in the form of fat is the subcutaneous layer
Excretion of waste through sweat is a function of the ____________ system integumentary
Vitamin D is important for the absorption of calcium and __________ phosphorus
With aging, all cellular function ____ slows
Mast cells in the subcutaneous tissue produces __________ and contribute to _________ histamine, inflammation
_____ cells in the subcutaneous tissue produce histamines mast
Created by: pamela0116
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