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Biology 11

Bacteria

QuestionAnswer
DNA The genetic material of the bacterium, located in the cytoplasm - For all functions
Capsule Helps to cling to surfaces; protection
Plasma membrane Energy generation and transport of chemicals
Cell wall Gives structure, protects cell from environment
Pili Aid in attachment to surfaces and other cells
Flagellum Long and thin fibers, tiny propellers, for mobilty
Ribosomes Sites of protein synthesis scattered in cytoplasm
Cytoplasm Attracts water (hypertonic) - interior
Cocci spherical cells
Bacilli rod-shaped cells
spirilli Spiral shaped cells
strepto chained
staphylo cluster
diplo paired
Gram stain seperates bacteria into 2 groups
Gram positive absorbs gram stain, thick cell wall, many layers of peptidoglycan
Gram negative does not absorb gram stain, thin cell wall, few layers of peptidoglycan
Bacterial colony group of bacteria which have formed from a single bacterial cell; visible to the naked eye
Autotroph organism that can manufacture its own energy from inorganic (non-living) substances.
Cyanobacteria photosynthetic bacteria (have chlorophyll and phycobilins (both pigments) for photosynthesis.
Chemosynthetic bacteria make food from inorganic chemicals (ex. carbon dioxide)
Heterotroph must consume organic (living) substances to generate energy. Secrete enzymes to break down molecules, smaller molecules can then be absorbed
Saprobes feed on dead plants and animals. Decomposers, benefit hosts
Parasites use host for food, harmful to host
Obligate aerobe must have oxygen to survive
Obligate anaerobe cannot survive WITH oxygen
Facultative anaerobe can live with or without oxygen
Narrow spectrum antiobiotic treat very specific bacterial infections
Broad spectrum antibiotic treat a very large number of bacterial infections
Bactericidal antibiotics that KILL bacteria
Bacteriostatic antibiotics that prevent growth of bacteria
Created by: ybot
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