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Chapter 15: Genetics

Modern Genetics

QuestionAnswer
What are some patterns of inheritance in humans? Some human traits are controlled by single genes with two alleles, and others by single genes with multiple alleles. Still other traits are controlled by many genes that act together.
What are the functions of the sex chromosomes? The sex chromosomes carry genes that determine whether a person is male or female. They also carry genes that determine other traits.
What is the relationship between genes and the environment? Many of a person’s characteristics are determined by an interaction between genes and the environment.
What are two major causes of genetic disorders in humans? Some genetic disorders are caused by mutations in the DNA of genes. Other disorders are caused by changes in the overall structure or number of chromosomes.
How do geneticists trace the inheritance of traits? One important tool that geneticists use to trace the inheritance of traits in humans is a pedigree.
How are genetic disorders diagnosed and treated? Today, doctors use tools such as karyotypes to help diagnose genetic disorders. People with genetic disorders are helped through medical care, education, job training, and other methods.
What are three ways of producing organisms with desired traits? Selective breeding, cloning, and genetic engineering are three methods for developing organisms with desirable traits.
What is the goal of the Human Genome Project? The main goal of the Human Genome Project has been to identify the DNA sequence of every gene in the human genome.
Created by: nicholas_tisci
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