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RChapter 7 Section 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cellular Respiration | The process by which cells produce energy from carbohydrates; atmospheric oxygen combines with glucose to form water and carbon dioxide |
| Pyruvic Acid | The three-carbon compound that is produced during glycolysis and needed for both the aerobic and anaerobic pathways of cellular respiration that follow glycolysis |
| NADH | The reduced form of NAD+ |
| Anaerobic | Describes a process that does not require oxygen |
| Aerobic Respiration | Describes a process that requires oxygen |
| Glycolysis | The anaerobic breakdown of glucose pyruvic acid, which makes a small amount of energy available to cells in the form of ATP |
| NAD+ | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, an organic molecule that serves as an electron carrier by being oxidized to NAD+ and reduced to NADH |
| Fermentation | The breakdown of carbohydrates by enzymes, bacteria, yeasts, or mold in the absence of oxygen |
| Lactic Acid Fermentation | The chemical breakdown of carbohydrates that produces lactic acid as the main end product |
| Alcoholic Fermentation | The anaerobic process by which yeasts and other microorganisms break down sugars to form carbon dioxide and ethanol |
| Kilocalorie | one thousandth of a calorie |