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Living and Growing
Molecules of life
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| In the nucleus of a normal cell how many chromosomes are there? | 46 |
| chromosomes are made of what? | DNA |
| A strand of DNA is called a ...? | Gene |
| what is the shape of DNA ? | Double Helix |
| DNA are made up of what? | Bases |
| What are the steps of DNA replication? | 1.double helix unzips splitting base pairs up 2.This leaves 2 separate single strands of DNA and exposed bases 3.New bases pair up with their complementary base to form two new double strands |
| How many bases code for an amino acid? | 3 |
| Name the steps of DNA fingerprinting | 1.Blood or cell sample is isolated 2.DNA is extracted 3.restriction enzymes are used to fragment the DNA 4.DNA fragments are placed on gel 5.fragments are separated by electrophoresis 6.banding of DNA fingerprint can be matched |
| What is a mutation? | A mutation is a change to the base sequence.A change to the base sequence means a different amino acid will get made |
| mutations are random and can be caused by? | Radition Xrays chemicals |
| Optimum PH is what? | The maxium where it works best. |
| What happens when the temperature goes above the Optimum PH? | The active site changes shape(denatures) |
| The part of the cell where respiration takes place is called? | mitochondria |
| Diffusion is...? | The net movement of a substance from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentrations due to the random movement of individual particles. |
| 3 golden rules to make diffusion faster? | decrease diffusion distance big concentration gradient big surface area |
| In which part of the lung does oxygen enter the blood? | alveoli |
| The chemical that makes red blood cells red is? | haemglobin |
| cells divide too... | grow,replace and repair |
| what does the acrosome do? | contains enzymes to digest the egg cell membrane |
| What is genetic engineering? | taking a gene from one organism and placing it in another |
| advantage of cloning plants? | you know what your getting e.g plant that produces good fruit Quicker than growing from a seed |
| Disadvantage of cloning plants? | little variation so if a disease came along that affected one plant,it would affect them all |
Created by:
AmyP1401
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