Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Nutrition Sparks
BIOL 1322 terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| functional foods | Foods that may provide additional health benefits beyond their nutrient value |
| Phytochemicals | Nonnutritive plant compounds, found in fruits and vegetables, that may play a role in fighting chronic disease |
| Nutrition | The science that studies how nutrients and compounds in foods nourish the body and affect body fx and overall health |
| Nutrients | Compounds in foods that sustain body processes. There are 6 classes of nutrients: carbs, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals and water |
| Organic | Compounds containing carbon or carbon-carbon bonds |
| Inorganic | Compounds that do not contain carbon: minerals, water and salts |
| Essential nutrients | Nutrients that must be consumed from foods because they cannot be made in the body in sufficient quantities to meet its needs and support health |
| Nonessential nutrients | Nutrients that can be made in sufficient quantities in the body to meet body's reqs and support health |
| Energy | The capacity to do work |
| Energy-yeilding nutrients | The 3 nutrients that provide energy in the body: carbohydrates, lipids, protein |
| Kilocalorie (kcal) | The amt of energy required to raise the temp of 1 kilogram of water 1 degree C; used to express the measurement of energy in foods; 1 kcal = 1000 cal |
| Macronutrients | Organic nutrients, including the energy-containing carbs, lipids, proteins, and water that the body needs in large amounts. |
| Micronutrients | Essential nutrients the body needs in smaller amts; vitamins and minerals |
| Enzymes | Proteins in living cells that act as catalysts and control chemical reactions |
| Coenzymes | Substances, such as vitamins or minerals, that facilitate the activity of enzymes |
| Solubility | The ability to dissolve into another substance |
| Water-soluble vitamins | Vitamins that dissolve in water; gen cannot be stored in the body and must be consumed daily |
| Fat-soluble vitamins | Vitamins that dissolve in fat and can be stored in the body |
| major minerals | Minerals needed by the body in amts greater than 5 grams; aka macrominerals |
| Trace minerals | Minerals needed by the body in amts less than 5 grams; aka microminerals |
| Consensus | Agreed-upon conclusion of a group of experts based on a collection of info |
| Scientific Method | A process used by scientists to gather and test info for the sake of generating sound reasearch findings. |
| Hypothesis | An idea or explanation proposed by scientists based on observations or known facts |
| peer-reviewed journal | A journal in which scientists publish research findings, after the findings have gone through a rigorous review process by other scientists |
| laboratory experiment | A scientific experiment conducted in a lab. Some lab experiments involve animals. |
| Observational Research | Research that involves systematically observing subjects to see if there is a relationship to certain outcomes. |
| Experimental Research | Research involving at least 2 groups of subjects |
| Epidemiological research | Research that studies the variables that influence health in a pop; often observational. |
| Experimental Group | In experimental research, the group of participants given a specific treatment, e.g. drug, as part of a study. |
| control group | experimental research: group that does not receive the treatment but may be given a placebo instead; used as a standard for comparison. |
| placebo | An inactive substance, such as a sugar pill, administered to a control group during an experiment |
| Double-blind placebo-controlled study | An experimental study in which neither the researchers nor the subjects in the study are aware who is receiving the treatment or the placebo |
| Nutritional Genomics | A field of study of the relationship between genes, gene expression, and nutrition. |
| Gene expression | processing of genetic information to create a specific protein |
| Registered Dietician (RD) | Health professional who is a food and nutrition expert: RD's obtain a college degree in nutrition from an American Dietetic Association (ADA) accredited program, and pass an exam to become a RD |
| malnourished | cond. that results when the body does not receive the right amt of essential nutrients to maintain health; overnourished or undernourished are forms of malnutrition |
| undernourished | cond. in which the individual lacks sufficient energy or is deficient in quality or quantity of essential nutrients |
| overnourished | overconsumption of energy or nutrients |
| acute | sudden onset of symptoms or disease |
| chronic | symptom or condition that lasts over a long period of time |
| malabsorption | problem associated with a lack of absorption of nutrients through the intestinal tract |
| body mass index (BMI) | measurement calculated as a height divided by weight squared; used to determine whether an individual is underweight, at a healthy weight, or overweight or obese. |
| Overweight | for adults, a BMI greater than 25 |
| Obesity | for adults, a BMI greater than 30 |
| Discuss factors influencing food choice | Taste, Environment, Social Trends, Body Image, Advertising, Time, convenience and costs |
| How does good nutrition affect health? | reduces the risk of many chronic diseases: heart disease, cancer, stroke, diabetes |
| Carbohydrates | Primary energy source for the body, composed of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and supply simple sugar - glucose |
| Lipids | organic compounds including fats, oils, phospholipids, and sterols insoluble in water. Important source for body during rest and sleep. |
| Proteins | Contain Nitrogen. Provide basic building blocks - amino acids, to synthesize, grow, and maintain tissues in the body. Tissues in muscles, bones and skin are primarily made of proteins. Also nt's and enzymes in chem reax |
| Vitamins | do not provide energy...help catalyze reax as coenzymes - 13 known vitamins. |
Created by:
JaeLaw23
Popular Nursing sets