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Chapter 4 - MPoole
Active and Passive Transport
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What happens when a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution? | The solution has a lower concentration of solute than the cell. So the cell, through osmosis, will gain water. |
| What happens when a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution? | The solution has a higher concentration of solute than the cell. So the cell, through osmosis, will loose water. |
| What’s the main difference between active and passive transport? | Active: Moving from an area of low concentration to an area of higher concentration. Passive: Moving from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration. |
| List an example of active transport. | Nerve Cells - The sodium potassium pump moves sodium out of the cell and enters potassium into the cell. |
| List the types of passive transport. | Diffusion, ion channel protiens, facilitated diffusion, all are specific for the transfer of the molecule. |
| Why is the plasma membrane considered semipermeable? | Some molecules can move through the membrane easily. When others require specialized transport mechanisms. |
| What is the process where a cell engulfs a macromolecule, forming a vesicle? | Endocytosis |
| What is diffusion? | Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration. Requires no energy. |
| Explain the results of a sodium-potassium pump working across a membrane. | It moves sodium out of the membrane and potassium into the cell. Both against the concentration gradients. |
| Does facilitated transport move a substance down or up a gradient? | Moving Down |
| What is the energy-capturing stage of photosynthesis? | Light Reactions is the energy capturing stage. |
| What are the products of the light reactions? | Energy in the form of ATP carried by the NADPH to the Calvin cycle. |
| What are the ATP and NADPH from the light reactions used for? | To fix carbon dioxide in the sugar. Also in this cycle NADP and ADP are regenerated. |
| Where does the oxygen released by photosynthesis come from? | Oxygen is a byproduct of photosynthesis and released into atmosphere through stoma. |
| What happens to the glucose produced from photosynthesis? | Energy in plants and is used for respiration. maybe converted into starch for storage. |
| Describe the structures of the chloroplast where photosynthesis takes place. | Thylakoids are flattened sacs that are formed in the inner membrane. Chlorophll is the green pigment that helps to get solar energy. The stroma is the fluid in the interior space and is surrounds the thylakoids. |
| What is the significance of the electron transport chain? | They carry electrons through out the photosynthesis process |
| What are the reactants required for photosynthesis? | water, caron dioxide and energy from the sun. H2O and CO2 and suns energy. |
| What are the products of photosynthesis? | C6H12O6 and O2 |
| What are the products of alcoholic fermentation? | Wine is produced. |
| What is the metabolic process where glucose is ultimately converted to two molecules of pyruvate? | Glycolysis |
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TheTree
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