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molecular genetics

QuestionAnswer
what is DNA? deoxyribonucleic acid, contains information that helps an organism develop and function.
Segments of DNA which are located in the chromosomes and carry information for certain traits are called what? genes.
what shape is DNA? a double helix.
what are the four nitrogen bases? cytosine(C)adenine(A)guanine(G) thymine(T)
what bases go together? C->G/G->C A->T/T->A
what makes a codon? three base pairs.
what is a mutation? a change of a gene.
what is RNA? energy.
Mutations can be caused by what? radiation, exposure to toxic chemicals
what is translation? The portion of protein synthesis that uses the codons in mRNA molecules to specify the sequence of amino acids in polypeptide chains
what is transcription? The process of forming a nucleic acid by using another molecule as a template
what is uracil? One of the four bases that combines with sugar and phosphate to form a nucleotide subunit of RNA
what does uracil take place for in RNA? adenine(A)
what happens during DNA replication? The two original strands of DNA separate.
what is this translated?(RNA) ACG TAG CGA UGC AUC GCU
what organic molecule is DNA? nucleic acid
what happens during translation? A codon on the mRNA molecule attaches to a ribosome.
what happens when a gene is expressed? a protein is synthesized and produces a trait.
what is the back bone of DNA made of? sugars and phosphate groups
when are codons read? during translation and symbolize specific amino acids
The process of DNA replication begins with what? one double-stranded molecule of DNA
The end results of DNA replication are what? two identical DNA molecules.
The process of transcription occurs where? the nucleus of a cell
the mRNA that is created travels into the what? cytoplasm once it is made.
Created by: mtorre96
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