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Unit 2 Section 4
Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| amino acid | the basic building block of proteins; contains a carboxyl group (-COOH)and an amino group (-NH2) |
| antibody | a protein specialized to defend the body against disease |
| carbohydrate | a sugar or polymer of sugar; contains the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| dehydration synthesis | a bonding of subunits to form a polymer with the loss of water |
| disaccharide | a two-sugar polymer |
| DNA (or deoxyribonucleic acid) | the genetic material |
| glucose | a kind of sugar (C6H12O6) occurring in plant and animal tissues |
| hormone | a chemical synthesized by an organism which aids in the control of a specific function in the organsim |
| hydrolysis | the breakdown of large molecules into smaller molecules with water being a reactant |
| lipid | a group of organic compounds including fats, steroids, and phospholipids |
| monosaccharide | the building block unit of carbohydrates; a simple sugar |
| nucleic acid | a sequence of sugars. phosphates and nitrogenous organic bases: DNA and RNA |
| polymer | a chemical compound in which each molecule is made up of two or more simpler molecules strung togther |
| polymerization | a reaction in which two or more molecules unite, forming a more complex molecule |
| polysaccharide | a polymer of simple sugars (monosaccharides) |
| protein | a large complex organic molecule consisting of a large number of amino acids linked together by a peptide bonds |
| ribonucleic acid | a nucleic acid which participates in the synthesis of proteins |
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