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AB Final Review 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Questioning | many questions about all organisms |
| Benefits of life science | fight disease, environmental problems, inherit code that controls cells |
| Hypothesis | possible answer to a question |
| Models | study things no longer around, too small, too large, mathematical, physical, conceptual |
| Theory | summary of tested hypothesis |
| Laws | start off as hypothesis or theories |
| Light microscope | view living things |
| Control group | used to compare results to |
| SI system | milliliter, |
| Life scientist | study living things |
| Characteristics of all living things | use energy, grow and develop, sense and respond to change |
| DNA | nucleic acid |
| Water | 70% of human body |
| Stimulus | causes change |
| Response | caused by stimulus, shivering when cold, sweating when hot |
| Needs of living things | food, water, air, a place to live |
| Cells | smallest part of a living thing to carry on the processes of life |
| Tissues | cells with the same function |
| Function | related to structure |
| Ribosomes | make proteins, located on ER |
| ER | cells delivery system |
| Vesicles | carry materials between organelles |
| Levels of organization | each is more complex than the one below |
| Surface Area to Volume ratio | keeps cells small |
| Cell Theory | all organisms are made of one or more cells, cells are the basic unit of living things, all cells come from other cells |
| Vacuole | plants cells, digestion |
| Specialization | makes organisms work more efficiently |
| Protists | Animalcules |
| Hydrophobic | repels water |
| Osmosis | occurs in cells because they are mostly water |
| Diffusion | materials move from area of high concentration to low concentration |
| Endocytosis | move large particles in |
| Exocytosis | move large particle out |
| Photosynthesis | water and carbon dioxide form glucose and oxygen |
| Active transport | move particles from low concentration to high concentration, needs energy |
| Chlorophyll | in chloroplast |
| Respiration | glucose and oxygen form water and carbon dioxide |
| Eukaryotes | nucleus, more DNA |
| Prokaryotes | no nucleus, ring of DNA in cytoplasm |
| Mendel | father of genetics, each trait has two sets of instructions, 3:1 ratio |
| Cross pollination | a flower pollinates a flower on a different plant, Mendel removed anthers |
| Asexual reproduction | body cells |
| Sex linked disorders | more often in males, males only have one X |
| Homologous Chromosomes | carry same set of genes |
| Homozygous | genes are the same |
| Heterozygous | genes are different |
| Franklin | X ray diffraction, spiral shaped |
| DNA | “rungs”= bases, made of nucleotides, twisted ladder |
| mRNA | matches with transfer RNA at the ribosome |
| Deletion | base is left out |
| Protein | string of nucleotides for a trait |
| Addition | extra base is added |
| Amino Acid | code contains 3 bases |
| Chargaff’s Rules | A=T, C=G |
| Gene | information to make a protein |
| Nucleotide | phosphate, sugar, and nitrogen base |
Created by:
evroman
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