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Biology 11 Ch 4.1

Genetic Processes: 4.1 Cell Division & Genetic Material

QuestionAnswer
genetics the study of heredity and variation of living organisms and how genetic information is passed from one generation to the next
centromere the region where two sister chromatids are held together in a chromosome
sister chromatid one of two chromosomes that are genetically identical and held together at the centromere
chromosome a structure in the nucleus that contains DNA
somatic cell a plant or animal cell that forms the body of the organism; excludes reproductive cells
centrosome a structure that helps to form the spindle fibres
spindle fibre a microtubule structure that facilitates the movement of chromosomes within a cell
genome the complete DNA sequence of an organism
sex chromosome an X or Y chromosome, which determines the genetic sex of an organism
autosome a chromosome that is not involved in determining the sex of an organism
homologous chromosome a chromosome that contains the same sequence of genes as another chromosome
gene a part of a chromosome that governs the expression of a trait and is passed
allele a different form of the same gene
karyotype a photograph of pairs of homologous chromosomes in a cell
Created by: marsenault
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