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biology chapter 8

vocabular

QuestionAnswer
adenosine triphosphate A compound consisting of an adenosine molecule bonded to three phosphate groups, present in all living tissue.
autotroph An organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide.
heterotroph An organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances.
photosynthesis An organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances.
pigment Color (something) with or as if with pigment
light-dependent reachtion The light-dependent reactions, or light reactions, are the first stage of photosynthesis.
chlorophyll the green coloring matter of leaves and plants, essential to the production of carbohydrates by photosynthesis, and occurring in a bluish-black form, C 55 H 72 MgN 4 O 5 (chlorophyll a), and a dark-green form, C 55 H 70 MgN 4 O 6 (chlorophyll b).
thylakoid Each of a number of flattened sacs inside a chloroplast, bounded by pigmented membranes on which the light reactions of photosynthesis
stroma The supportive tissue of an epithelial organ, tumor, gonad, etc., consisting of connective tissues and blood vessels
NADP+ The oxidized form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate which is used as an electron carrier.
light-independent reaction The light-independent reactions of photosynthesis are chemical reactions that convert carbon dioxide and other compounds into glucose
photosystem A biochemical mechanism in plants by which chlorophyll absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.
ATP synthase ATP synthase is a general term for an enzyme that can synthesize adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from adenosine diphosphate
electroin transport chain An electron transport chain (ETC) couples a reaction between an electron donor (such as NADH) and an electron acceptor (such as O2)
Calvin cycle A cyclical series of biochemical reactions that occur in the stroma of chloroplasts during photosynthesis. It includes the light-independent reactions such as carbon fixation, reduction reactions and ribulose 1,5-diphosphate (RuDP) whereby sugars and star
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