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SJCC Bio Ch 6
Photosynthesis Vocabulary Flashcards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Accessory Pigment | A pigment that absorbs light energy and transfers the energy to chlorophyll a in photosynthesis |
| Adenosine Diphosphate | A substance involved in energy metabolism formed by the breakdown of adenosine triphosphate |
| ATP Synthase | An enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of ATP from ADP and phosphate |
| Biochemical Pathway | A series of chemical reactions in which the product of one reaction is consumed in the next reaction |
| Carotenoid | A light-absorbing compound that functions as an accessory pigment in photosynthesis |
| Chemiosmosis | A process in chloroplasts in which the movement of protons down their concentration gradient across a membrane is coupled to the synthesis of ATP |
| Chlorophyll | A class of light-absorbing pigments used in photosynthesis |
| Electron Transport Chain | Molecules in the thylakoid membrane that uses some of the energy in electrons to pump protons across a membrane |
| Granum | A stack of thylakoids in a chloroplast |
| Light Reactions | The initial reactions in photosynthesis, including the absorption of light by photosystem I and II, the passage of electrons along the electron transport chains, the production of NADH and O2, and the synthesis of ATP through chemiosmosis |
| NADP+ | An organic molecule that accepts electrons during redox reactions |
| Photosynthesis | The conversion of light energy into chemical energy stored in organic compounds |
| Photosystem | In plants, a unit of several hundred chlorophyll molecules and carotenoid pigment molecules in the thylakoid membrane |
| Photosystem I | Electrons are used to combine with NADP+ and H+ to make NADPH |
| Photosystem II | Electrons replace those that are lost from photosystem I |
| Pigment | A compound that absorbs light and imparts color |
| Primary Electron Acceptor | A molecule in the thylakoid membrane that accepts the the electrons that chlorophyll a loses in the light reactions |
| Stroma | The solution that surrounds the thylakoids in a chloroplast |
| Visible Spectrum | The portion of sunlight perceived by the human eye as various colors |
| Wavelength | The distance between crests in a wave |
| C3 Plant | A plant that fixes carbon exclusively through the Calvin cycle, name for the three-carbon compound that is initially formed |
| C4 Pathway | A plant that incorporates CO2 into four-carbon compounds |
| Calvin Cycle | A biochemical pathway of photosynthesis in which CO2 is converted to carbohydrate |
| CAM | A biochemical pathway in certain plants in which CO2 is incorporated into organic acids at night and released for fixation in the Calvin cycle during the day |
| Carbon Fixation | The incorporation of carbon dioxide into organic compounds. |
| PGA | A three carbon molecule formed in the first step of the Calvin Cycle |
| PGAL | A three carbon molecule formed in the second step of the Calvin Cycle that can leave the cycle and be used to make other organic compounds |
| RuBP | A five carbon carbohydrate that combines with CO2 to form two molecules of PGA in the first step of the Calvin Cycle |
| Stoma | One of many small pores usually located on the underside of the leaf; aids in gas exchange |
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jmglbrt
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