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Molecular Genetics

QuestionAnswer
What does DNA stand for? Deoxyribonucleic Acid
What is DNA? a nucleic acid that contains the information that is needed to help an organism develop and function
What makes up DNA? Deoxyribose; nitrogen-containing base; and a phosphate group
Result of a gene being expressed A protein is synthesized and produces a trait
DNA's structure Double Helix
Name the four nitrogen bases Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, and Thymine
What makes up a codon? Three bases in a row
What happens after all the codons have been read? The amino acids group together to form proteins
What happens during DNA replication? Two original strands of DNA separate
What is the result after DNA replication? Two identical DNA molecules
Where does transcription occur? In the nucleus of a cell
codon Group of three nitrogenous bases - code for amino acids
anti-codon Group of 3 bases found on tRNA
tRNA Transfers amino acids
rRNA Makes up ribosomes
mRNA Single stranded version of a gene; recipe for a protein
ribosome Makes polypeptides
amino acid Monomer of a polypeptide
transcription The process where mRNA is produced
translation The process where a protein is produced from an mRNA recipe
Restriction enzyme Used to cut DNA into fragments
Electrophoresis A process where DNA fragments are separated according to size using electrical charges
ribose Type of sugar in RNA
Created by: CrisssJ
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