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Inheritance Bio.
Inheritance flash cards
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| are unique segments of an organism's DNA that produce a particular functional product. | genes |
| Each functional product of a gene controls a particular aspect of life, and some of these aspects are visible to a careful observer as genetic | traits |
| The study of how these genetic traits are inherited is called | genetics |
| differences in traits among individuals | genetic variation |
| alternate forms of a particular gene | alleles |
| In ______ organisms like humans, each individual carries two copies of each gene | diploid |
| The genetic makeup of an organism is referred to as its | genotype |
| the visible traits that we can observe as a result of these alleles are its | phenotypes |
| Different alleles for a particular gene locus can be | dominant, recessive or intermediate |
| Dominant alleles _____ recessive alleles | mask |
| A ______ plant is one that has two copies of the same allele | homozygous |
| The _______ says that each allele present in a parent will be segregated away from the other during gamete (sex cell) formation, allowing one or the other allele to be inherited in an offspring but not both. This can be demonstrated using a ____ | rule of segregation; Punnett square. |
| is a change in the nucleotide sequence of an organism's genetic material. | mutation |
| the addition of one or more nucleotides into the DNA | insertion |
| is the exchange of a single nucleotide for another | substitution |
| he removal of one or more nucleotides from the DNA | deletion |
| A mutation can cause changes in the ______ of an organism | phenotype |
| an alternate form of intermediate trait. In these gene loci, the alleles are expressed simultaneously, resulting in organisms that express both traits in some kind of mixed pattern | codominance |
| more than two different alleles present in varying amounts in a given population | multiple alleles |
| where more than one gene locus has a similar and additive effect on the same trait | polygenic inheritance |
| or a phenotypic family tree | pedigree |
| One factor that often becomes apparent in human pedigrees is the presence of a trait that is | sex-linked |
| These traits are called ______ because they are more likely to appear phenotypically in males | sex-linked |
| If the mutation occurs during _______, it may be the result of an insertion, a substitution, or a deletion | cell division |
| if a mutation occurs that does not significantly change the DNA sequence, it is possible that the sequence can be translated properly into | proteins |
Created by:
amandahase
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