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Bios 170 Chap 8

Vocabulary from Chapter 8

QuestionAnswer
Actin also called microfilaments, these are the smallest components of the cytoskeleton.
Cadherin this protein is found outside the plasma membrane, connecting two cells together in a desmosome.
Cellulose this carbohydrate forms plant cell walls.
Collagen this protein is the main component of the extracellular matrix.
Desmosome this junction holds the cytoskeletons of two cells together
Extracellular matrix this term describes a secreted substance outside and between cells.
Fibronectin the glycoprotein which connects integrins to collagen.
Gap junction this type of junction allows ions to flow between animal cells.
G-protein coupled receptor this type of hormone receptor is connected to GDP or GTP.
Hormone this is the general term for molecules which initiate signal cascades in cells.
Integrin these proteins connect a cell to the extracellular matrix.
Intermediate filaments these components of the cytoskeleton do not have any polarity.
Keratin this is what intermediate filaments are made of.
Ligand this is a term for any molecule which binds to a receptor.
Lignin This carbohydrate is found in the plant extracellular matrix and provides the toughness to wood.
Microtubules These are the largest filaments in the cytoskeleton and are responsible for moving flagella.
Pectin this carbohydrate is found in the plant extracellular matrix
Phosphatase this type of enzyme deactivates an enzyme by removing a phosphate group.
Plasmodesmata this type of junction allows the cytoplasm of two plant cells to communicate.
Receptor tyrosine kinases this type of hormone receptor dimerizes when it receives a signal.
Second messenger system this signal transduction method causes the release of small molecules inside the cell when a signal is received.
Signal transduction this is the term for the process of moving a signal from outside the cell into the cell.
Tight junction these junctions prevent material from flowing between two cells.
Trabecular this term describes the network of microtubules inside the cell
Tubulin dimers these subunits make up microtubules.
Created by: sw326108
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