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ch 3 se 2
ch3 se 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Carbohydrate | any organic compound that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and that provides nutrients to the cells of living things |
| Monosaccharide | a simple sugar that is the basic subunit of a carbohydrate |
| Disaccharide | a sugar formed from two monosaccharides |
| Polysaccharide | one of the carbohydrates made up of long chains of simple sugars; polysaccharides include starch, cellulose, and glycogen |
| Protein | an organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids and that is a principal component of all cells |
| Amino Acid | any one of 20 different organic molecules that contain a carboxyl and an amino group and that combine to form proteins |
| Peptide Bond | In a condensation reaction, the two amino acids form a covalent bond called a peptide bond |
| Polpeptide | Amino acids that form long chains |
| Enzyme | a type of protein that speeds up metabolic reactions in plant and animals without being permanently changed or destroyed |
| Substarte | a part, substance, or element that lies beneath and supports another part, substance, or element; the reactant in reactions catalyzed by enzymes |
| Active Site | the site on an enzyme that attaches to a substrate |
| Lipid | a type of biochemical that does not dissolve in water, including fats and steroids; lipids store energy and make up cell membranes |
| Fatty Acid | an organic acid that is contained in lipids, such as fats or oils |
| Phospholipid | a lipid that contains phosphorus and that is a structural component in cell membranes |
| Wax | A type of structual lipid consisting of a long fatty-acid chain joined to a long achohol chain |
| Steroid | a type of lipid that consists of four carbon rings to which various functional groups are attached and that usually has a physiological action |
| Nucleic Acid | an organic compound, either RNA or DNA, whose molecules are made up of one or two chains of nucleotides and carry genetic information |
| Deoxyribonucleic Acid | Or DNA, contains information that determines the characteristics of an organism and directs call activity |
| Ribonucleic Acid | Or RNA, stores and transfers information from DNA that is essential for manufacturing of proteins |
| Nucleotide | Made up of three main components: a phosphate group, a five-carbon sugar, and a ring-shaped nitrogenous base |
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celesteb34
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