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Inheritance

QuestionAnswer
Genes Unique segments of an organism's DNA that produce a particular functional product
Traits Aspects of life that are visible to a careful observer
Genetics The study of how genetic traits are inherited
Genetic Variation Differences in traits among individuals; caused by alleles
Alleles Alternate forms of a particular gene
Genotype Genetic makeup of an organism
Phenotype Visible traits that we can observe as a result of these alleles
Gene Dominance Different alleles for a particular gene locus can be dominant, recessive, or intermediate
Dominant v.s. Recessive Dominant mask recessive alleles; Dominant phenotypic traits are observed
Heterozygous Has a dominant and a recessive allele phenotype
Homozygous Has two copies of the same allele; both may be dominant or recessive
Rule of Segregation Each alleles present in a parent will be segregated away from the other gamate formation
Test Cross An organism with unknown genotype is crossed with a organism that is homozygous recessive for the trait(s) in question
Incomplete Dominance A phenotype that is intermediate between the two allelic traits can be observed
Codominance An alternate form of intermediate trait
Multiple Alleles More than two different alleles present in varying amounts in a given population
Polygenic Inheritance More than on gene locus has a similar and additive effect on the same trait
Sex-linked Traits More likely to appear phenotypically in males; can be passed down from mother to son but no father to son
Mutation Change in the nucleotide sequence of an organisms genetic material
Mendel's principles of heredity, observed through patterns of inheritance form the basis of... Modern genetics
What is the inheritance on biological characteristics determined by? Individual units called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring.
How do alleles for different genes usually segregate from each other? Independently
Who is the father of genetics(inheritance)? Gregor Mendel
Fertilization process in sexual reproduction in which male and female reproductive cells join to form a new cell
Created by: brittanykremer
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