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Metabolism - Unit 1
Unit 1 - Study Guide - METABOLISM
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Scientific name for tongue bumps. | Lingual Papillae |
| What enzyme begins starch digestion in the mouth? | Salivary Amylase |
| Enzyme activated by stomach acids that digests fat after food is swallowed. | Lipase |
| Mass of food mixed with mucus in the saliva is called __________. | Bolus |
| The esophagus penetrates the diaphragm at the ________ ________. | Esophageal Hiatus |
| What part of the stomach has the purpose of increasing surface area for small intestine to absorb nutrition? | Gastric Rugae |
| Partially digested bolus. | Chyme |
| Type of cell found in the stomach that secretes chymosin, lipase, and pepsinogen. | Chief Cell |
| Type of cell in the gastric glands that secrete hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor. | Parietal Cell |
| Type of cell that secretes mucus and plays a "protective role" | Mucous Cell |
| G cells secrete __________. | Gastrin |
| The largest organ of the human body. | Liver |
| Cuboidal cells of the liver are called __________. | Hepatocytes |
| Inactive enzyme precursors, like pepsinogen. | Zymogens |
| Middle portion of the small intestine. | Jejunum |
| Portion of the small intestine that begins at the pyloric valve, and ends at the duodenojejunal flexure. | Dudodenum |
| Ileum (of the small intestine) ends at the ________ ________, where it joins the cecum | Iliocecal Junction |
| What begins with the cecum, prior to the ileocecal valve, leading into the colon? | Large intestine |
| The rectum contains three internal folds called ________ ________ that permit the passing of gas while retaining feces. | Rectal Valves |
| Involuntary part of the anus regulated by smooth muscle. | Internal Sphincter |
| Energy required to get a reaction started is called ________ ________. | Activation Energy |
| A polymer of amino acids. | Protein |
| What part of the digestive system absorbs glucose? | Small Intestine |
| Enzyme that helps break down proteins to amino acids. | Peptidase |
| Fat globule coated in bile acid and lecithin. | Micelle |
| Enzyme that helps break down most of the fat ingested in the duodenum. | Pancreatic Lipase |
| Ferrous iron is taken in by absorptive cells and is carried into the blood by a protein called _______________. | Transferrin |
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sabrinadanielle
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