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DSM PDs
Personality Disorders
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Schizoid Personality Disorder | pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression. |
| Schizotypal Personality Disorder | pattern of acute discomfort in close relationships, cognitive or perceptual distortions, and eccentricities of behavior. |
| Antisocial Personality Disorder | pattern of disregard for, and violation of, the rights of others. |
| Borderline Personality Disorder | pattern of instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity. |
| Histrionic Personality Disorder | pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking |
| Paranoid Personality Disorder | pattern of distrust and suspiciousness such that others' motives are interpreted as malevolent |
| Avoidant Personality Disorder | pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation. |
| Dependent Personality Disorder | pattern of submissive and clinging behavior related to an excessive need to be taken care of. |
| Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder | pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and control. |
| General Criteria, Personality Disorder | enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior, deviates from cultural norms, in at least 2 areas including cognition, affectivity, interpersonal functioning, and impulse control |
| Suspects, without sufficient basis, that others are exploiting, harming, or deceiving him or her | Paranoid |
| Is preoccupied with unjustified doubts about the loyalty or trustworthiness of friends or associates | Paranoid |
| Is reluctant to confide in others because of unwarranted fear that the information will be used maliciously against him or her | Paranoid |
| Reads hidden demeaning or threatening meanings into benign remarks or events | Paranoid |
| persistently bears grudges, i.e., is unforgiving of insults, injuries, or slights | Paranoid |
| perceives attacks on his or her character or reputation that are not apparent to others and is quick to react angrily or to counterattack | Paranoid |
| Has recurrent suspicions, without justification, regarding fidelity of spouse or sexual partner | Paranoid |
| Neither desires nor enjoys close relationships, including being part of a family | Schizoid |
| Almost always chooses solitary activities | Schizoid |
| Has little, if any, interest in having sexual experiences with another person | Schizoid |
| takes pleasure in few, if any, activities | Schizoid |
| Lacks close friends or confidants other than first-degree relatives | Schizoid |
| Appears indifferent to the praise or criticism of others | Schizoid |
| Shows emotional coldness, detachment, or flattened affectivity | Schizoid |
| Ideas of reference (exlcuding delusions of reference) | Schizotypal |
| Odd beliefs or magical thinking that influences behavior and is inconsistent with subcultural norms (e.g., superstitiousness, belief in clairvoyance, telepathy, or sixth sense; in children bizarre fantasies and preoccupations | Schizotypal |
| Unusual perceptual experiences, including bodily illusions | Schizotypal |
| Odd thinking and speech (vague, circumstantial, metaphorical, overelaborate, stereotyped) | Schizotypal |
| Suspiciousness or paranoid ideation | Schizotypal |
| Inappropriate or constricted affect | Schizotypal |
| Behavior or appearance that is odd, eccentric, or peculiar | Schizotypal |
| Lack of close friends or confidants other than first-degree relatives | Schizotypal |
| Excessive social anxiety that does not diminish with familiarity and tends to be associated with paranoid fears rather than negative judgments about self | Schizotypal |
| Failure to conform to social norms with respect to lawful behaviors as indicated by repeatedly performing acts that are grounds for arrest | Antisocial |
| Deceitfulness, as indicated by repeated lying, use of aliases, or conning others for personal profit or pleasure | Antisocial |
| Impulsivity or failure to plan ahead | Antisocial |
| Irritability and aggressiveness, as indicated by repeated physical fights or assaults | Antisocial |
| Reckless disregard for safety of self or others | Antisocial |
| Consistent irresponsibility, as indicated by repeated failure to sustain consistent work behavior or honor financial obligations | Antisocial |
| Lack of remorse, as indicated by being indifferent to or rationalizing having hurt, mistreated, or stolen from another | Antisocial |
| The individual must be at least 18 years of age and have evidence of conduct disorder with onset before the age of 15 | Antisocial |
| Frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment (not including suicidal or self-harm behavior) | Borderline |
| A pattern of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships characterized by alternating between extremes of idealization and devaluation | Borderline |
| Identity disturbance: markedly and persistently unstable self-image or sense of self | Borderline |
| Impulsivity in at least two areas that are potentially self-damaging (spending, sex, substance abuse, reckless driving, binge eating) (Do not include suicidal or self-harm behavior) | Borderline |
| Recurrent suicidal behavior, gustures, or threats, or self-mutilating behavior | Borderline |
| Affective instability due to a marked reactivity of mood (intense episodic dysphoria, irritability, or anxiety usually lasting a few hours and only rarely more than a few days) | Borderline |
| Chronic feelings of emptiness | Borderline |
| Inappropirate, intense anger or difficulty controlling anger (frequent displays of temper, constant anger, recurrent physical fights) | Borderline |
| Transient, stress-related paranoid ideation or severe dissociative symptoms | Borderline |
| Is uncomfortable in situations in which he or she is not the center of attention | Histrionic |
| Interaction with others is often characterized by inappropriate sexually seductive or provocative behavior | Histrionic |
| Displays rapidly shifting and shallow expression of emotions | Histrionic |
| Consistently uses physical appearance to draw attention to self | Histrionic |
| Has a style of speech that is excessively impressionistic and lacking in detail | Histrionic |
| Shows self-dramatization, theatricality, and exaggerated expression of emotion | Histrionic |
| Is suggestible, easily influenced by others or circumstances | Histrionic |
| Considers relationships to be more intimate than they actually are | Histrionic |
| Narcissistic Personality Disorder | pattern of grandiosity (in fantasy or behavior), need for admiration, and lack of empathy |
| Has a grandiose sense of self-importance (exaggerates achievements and talents, expects to be recognized as superior without commensurate achievements) | Narcissistic |
| Is preoccupied with fantasies of unlimited success, power, brilliance, beauty or ideal love | Narcissistic |
| Believes that he or she is special and unique and can only be understood by, or should associate with, other special or high-status people (or institutions) | Narcissistic |
| Requires excessive admiration | Narcissistic |
| Has a sense of entitlement, unreasonable expectations of especially favorable treatment of automatic compliance with his or her expectations | Narcissistic |
| Is interpersonally exploitative, takes advantage of others to achieve his or her own ends | Narcissistic |
| Lacks empathy: is unwilling to recongize or identify with the feelings and needs of others | Narcissistic |
| Is often envious of others or believes that others are envious of him or her | Narcissistic |
| Shows arrogant, haughty behaviors or attitudes | Narcissistic |
| Avoids occupational activities that involve significant interpersonal contact, because of fears of criticism, disapproval, or rejection | Avoidant |
| Is unwilling to get involved with people unless certain of being liked | Avoidant |
| Shows restraint within intimate relationships because of the fear of being shamed or ridiculed | Avoidant |
| Is preoccupied with being criticized or rejected in social situations | Avoidant |
| Is inhibited in new interpersonal situations because of feelings of inadequacy | Avoidant |
| Views self as socially inept, personally unappealing, or inferior to others | Avoidant |
| Is unusually reluctant to take personal risks or to engage in any new activities because they may prove embarrassing | Avoidant |
| Has difficulty making everyday decisions without an excessive amount of advice and reassurance from others | Dependent |
| Needs others to assume responsibility for most major areas of his or her life | Dependent |
| Has difficulty expressing disagreement with others because of fear of loss of support or approval. Do not include realistic fears of retribution | Dependent |
| Has difficulty initiating projects or doing things on his or her own (because of a lack of self-confidence in judgment or abilities rather than a lack of motivation or energy) | Dependent |
| Goes to excessive lengths to obtain nurturance and support from others, to the point of volunteering to do things that are unpleasant | Dependent |
| Feels uncomfortable or helpless when alone because of exaggerated fears of being unable to care for himself or herself | Dependent |
| Urgently seeks another relationship as a source of care and support when a close relationship ends | Dependent |
| Is unrealistically preoccupied with fears of bieng left to take care of himself or herself | Dependent |
| Is preoccupied with details, rules, lists, orer, organization, or schedules to the extent that the major point of the activity is lost | Obsessive-Compulsive |
| Shows perfectionism that interferes with task completion (is unable to complete a project because his or her own overly strict standards are not met) | Obsessive-Compulsive |
| Is excessively devoted to work and productivity to the exclusion of leisure activities and friendships (not accounted for by obvious economic necessity) | Obsessive-Compulsive |
| Is overconscientious, scrupulous, and inflexible about matters of morality, ethics, or values (not accounted for by cultural or religious identification) | Obsessive-Compulsive |
| Is unable to discard worn-out or worthless objects even when they have no sentimental value | Obsessive-Compulsive |
| Is reluctant to delegate tasks or to work with others unless they submit to exactly his or her way of doing things | Obsessive-Compulsive |
| Adopts a miserly spending style toward both self and others; money is viewed as something to be hoarded for future catastrophes | Obsessive-Compulsive |
| Shows rigidity and stubbornness | Obsessive-Compulsive |
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