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Heredity and Genes
Notes on genes and heredity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| heredity | passing of traits from one generation to another |
| genes | A segment of DNA found on a chromosome that determines the inheritance of a particular trait |
| genotype | the set of genes carried by the organism |
| phenotype | the physical expression of the genes |
| dominant trait | A trait that will always be expressed in the phenotype. |
| recessive trait | A trait that will only be expressed in the phenotype if two recessive alleles are present. |
| Punnett square | a tool used to predict the ratio or percentage of the possible genes that an offspring will have based on the genes of the parent |
| Gregor Mendel | 19th century friar who pioneered modern genetics by experimenting with peas and gnats |
| 1800's | The century that Gregor Mendel lived in. |
| mitosis | cell division where the copy of the cell has the same amount of chromosomes as the original. |
| meiosis | cell division where the copy of the cell has half of the chromosomes of the original. |
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