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Cells HACKER/MOYLAN
Cell chapter life science HACKER 8A
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A ______ is the most basic unit of all living things | cell |
| The job that an organ does is the _______ | function |
| Ribosomes and mitochondria are types of _________ | organelles |
| An _______ is an organism whose cells have a nucleus. | eukaryote |
| A _______ is an organism whose cells do not have a nucleus. | prokaryote |
| A group of cells working together to perform a specific function is an ______ _________ | organ system |
| Only plant cells have a ____ _____ | cell wall |
| A group of tissues that work together to perform a specific job is an _______ | organ |
| The three advantages of being multicellular are... | larger size, longer life, and specialized cells |
| The ______ contains DNA in an eukaryotic cell. | nucleus |
| All cells come from other cells is part of the _____ _______ | cell theory |
| The size of a cell is limited by the _______ _____-__-_______ ______ | surface area-to-volume ratio |
| Two types of organisms whose cells do not have a nucleus are | eubacteria and archaebacteria |
| What are the four levels of organization in living things from lowest to highest? | cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems |
| What is the arrangement of parts in an organism called? | structure |
| What acts as a protective barrier and separates the cell from it's environment? | cell membrane |
| Which organelle makes lipids breaks down drugs and other substances, and packages proteins for Golgi complex? | endoplasmic reticulum |
| Which organelle processes and transports proteins out of the cell? | golgi complex |
| What are tiny, round organelles made of protein and other material? | ribosomes |
| What is the fluid inside a cell called? | cytoplasm |
| What are small bodies in cell's cytoplasm that are specialized to perform specific functions? | organelles |
| In a eukaryotic cell, an organism that contains the cell's DNA and that has a role in growth, metabolism, and reproduction? | nucleus |
| What is an organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles? | prokaryote |
| What are prokaryotes that are the smallest cells and have ribosomes? | eubacteria |
| What are prokaryotes that include extremophiles, organisms that live in extreme environments? | archaebacteria |
| What is an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane as well as membrane-bound organelles? | eukaryote |
| What is a rigid structure that gives support to the cell? | cell wall |
| What is a barrier that encloses and protects the cell? | cell membrane |
| What is a web of proteins in the cytoplasm that keeps a cell's membrane from collapsing? | cytoskeleton |
| What is a large organelle that produces and stores the cell's DNA? | nucleus |
| What is a system of folded membranes that functions as the internal delivery system of a cell? | endoplasmic reticulum |
| What is the organelle that functions as the main power source of a cell, breaking down sugar to produce energy? | mitochondria |
| What is the organelle in which photosynthesis takes place? | chloroplasts |
| What is the organelle that packages and distributes proteins? | golgi complex |
| What is the organelle that contains digestive enzymes? | lysosomes |
| Every cell has four structures: | cell membrane, organelles, cytoplasm, and DNA |
| ______ has long, circular DNA | Bacteria |
| What organelle is found mainly in animal cells? | lysosomes |
| _____ ______ have a cell wall, make their own food using photosynthesis, and they have chloroplasts | Plant cells |
| How do multicellular cells grow? | by making more small cells |
| nerve tissue, muscle tissue, connective tissue, and protective tissue are the four basic types of tissues in _____ | animals |
| transport tissue, ground tissue and protective tissue are the three basic types of tissues in _____ | plants |
| The millions of tiny air sacs in the lungs are called _______ | alveoli |
| What are three examples of plant organs? | leaf systems, root systems, and stem systems |
| A small sac that surrounds material to be moved into or out of a cell is a ______ | vesicle |
| What organelle destroys worn out or damaged organelles and get rid of waste materials and protect the cell from foreign invaders? | lysosomes |
| Chloroplasts are organelles that are found in the cells of _____ and _____ | plants and algae |
| Chloroplasts are green because they contain _____ | chlorophyll |
| What process happens inside a chloroplasts? | photosynthesis |
| What is the genetic material contained inside a cell's nucleus? | DNA |
| What organelle controls chemical reactions? | proteins |
| What are the two forms of endoplasmic reticulum? | rough ER and smooth ER |
| Proteins are made up of _____ _____ | amino acids |
| Organelles that make up proteins are called ______ | ribosomes |
| What is a dark area of the nucleus that stores materials and makes ribosomes? | nucleolus |
| Who was the first person to describe cells? | Hooke |
| What discovered single-celled organisms including bacteria? | Leeuwenhoek |
| Who concluded that all plant parts were made of cells? | Schleiden |
| Who concluded that all animal tissues were made of cells? | Schwann |
| Who concluded that all cells come from existing cells? | Virchow |
| How do you calculate the surface area-to-volume ratio? | divide the total surface area of the cell by the cell's volume |
Created by:
mmoylan
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