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Cell Processes

chap 4 vocab

QuestionAnswer
diffusion the movement of particles from regions of higher density regions to regions of lower density
osmosis the diffusion of water through a semi permeable membrane
passive transport the movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy by the cell
active transport the movement of substances across the cell membrane that requires the cell to use energy
endocytosis the process by which a cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses the particle in a vesicle to bring the particle into the cell.
exocytosis a process in which a cell releases a particle by enclosing the particle in a vesicle that then moves to the cell surface and fuses with the cell membrane
photosynthesis the process by which plants, algae and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to make food.
respiration the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between living cells and their environment
cellular respiration (aerobic) the process by which cells use oxygen to produce energy from food.
fermentation (anaerobic) the breakdown of food without the use of oxygen (uses CO2)
plasmolysis the shrinking of a cell due to the loss of water
mitosis a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes
chromosome in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA
cytokinesis the division of the cytoplasm of a cell
homeostasis the maintenance of a stable internal environment
Created by: lsvocab
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