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DNA Vocab

list of vocab words about DNA

QuestionAnswer
Nucleotides Made up of 5 Carbon Sugar + Phosphate +Nitrogenous Base
Purines Bases with two rings (Adenine, Guanine)
Pyrimidines Bases with one ring (Cytosine, Uracil, Thymine)
Phosphodiester Bonds What connects nucleotides on the same strand
Hydrogen Bonds What connects nucleotides on opposite strands (easy to pull apart)
Semi-conservative Each old strand of DNA acts as a template for a new strand of DNA
Bidirectional Can go both ways
Origin of Replication A gap where DNA replication proceeds out from
Helicase Unwinds double stranded DNA
Topoisomerase Unwinds double stranded DNA and introduces temporary single-stranded nicks in DNA to unkink it. Also called “swivelase” makes a cut in a strand of DNA, releases DNA, DNA swivels, unwinds, removes kinks, seal is repaired
Single stranded DNA Binding Protein Binds to unwound single stranded DNA and prevents it from reforming the double helix
Primer Short piece of DNA, act as starters for DNA Synthesis
Primase Makes primers
DNA Polymerase 3 Main enzyme involved in making DNA, makes DNA on the leading and lagging strands
Exonuclease Activity Used by DNA Polymerase 3 , breaks down nucleic acids, removes mismatched bases, proofreader
DNA Polymerase I Removes RNA Primer, fills in gap with DNA
Ligase Connects pieces of DNA together by making last phosphodiester bond
Created by: cekazmer
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