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Stock Market Lingo

Vocabulary from our unit on Language of the Stock Market

QuestionAnswer
Stock Market A general term used to describe all transactions involving the buying and selling of stock shares issued by a company.
Stock A share of ownership in the assets and earnings of a business.
Stock Certificate The piece of paper a shareholder receives representing their ownership of a stock.
Portfolio Diversification An individual who has a variety of investments tools to decrease risk.
Investment Risk The uncertainty about the outcome of an investment.
Rate of Return The increase or decrease in the original purchase price of an investment.
Common Stock Shares or units of ownership in a public corporation. The shareholder has voting rights in the corporation.
Stock Split Shares owned by existing stockholders are divided into a larger number of shares.
Dividends Distributions of earnings paid to stockholders.
Preferred Stock Shares which pay fixed dividends and have precedence over common stock.
Par Value The fixed value stated on a preferred stock certificate which indicates the dividends which will be paid to the shareholder.
Market Price The amount a willing buyer will pay a willing seller for a stock.
Growth Stock A stock from a company which has a consistent record of relatively rapid growth and earnings in all economic conditions.
Income Stock A stock which pays higher than average dividends because the company chooses to retain only a small portion of the profits.
Value Stock Stock from a company which has a low market price considering historical earning records and value of current assets.
Countercyclical Stock Stock from a company which gives consistent records of returns even when the economy is suffering because their product is always in demand.
Cyclical Stock A stock which is greatly influenced by changes in the economic business cycle.
Speculative Stock A very high risk stock from a company with potential for substantial earnings in the future.
Blue Chip Stock Stock from nationally recognized companies which dominate the industry often having annual revenue of $1 billion or more.
Book Value Net worth of a company.
Earnings Per Share How much income a company has available to pay in dividends and reinvest as retained earnings on a per share basis.
Price/earning Ratio Relationship between the price of one share of stock and the annual earnings of the company.
Beta A measure of a stock’s volatility compared to changes in the overall stock market.
Year to Date Stock price percent change from January 1st.
52 Week High The highest price a stock was sold for in the past 52 weeks.
52 Week Low The lowest price a stock was sold for in the past 52 weeks.
Stock Ticker Symbol A stock's abbreviated trading symbol name.
Dividends per Share Total cash paid to common stockholders per share.
Dividend Yield Percentage The dividend expressed as a percentage of the price of the share.
Volume 100’s Number of transactions to the share on the reported day, represented in hundreds.
High Selling Price Highest selling price of one share of stock from the previous day.
Low Selling Price Lowest selling price of one share of stock from the previous day.
Close The price of the last share sold for the day.
Net Change Difference between the closing price of the share from the prior day and the current day.
Dow Jones Industrial Oldest indicator of the ups and downs of the stock market. Lists the 30 leading industrial blue chip stocks.
Standard and Poor’s 500 Index Tracks the stock market activity for 500 stocks.
NASDAQ Monitors fast moving technology and financial services stocks. Usually the companies are smaller and transactions occur over an electronic market.
Bear Market The market is doing poorly and investors are not confident in the economy. Investors are not purchasing stocks and are selling what is already owned.
Bull Market The market is doing well and investors are optimistic about the economy and purchasing stocks.
Broker A person who is licensed to buy and sell stocks, provides investment advice, and collects a commission on each purchase or sale.
New York Stock Exchange The oldest and largest exchange with the strictest company standards.
American Stock Exchange The second largest exchange with less stringent requirements allowing for younger, smaller companies to be listed.
Regional Stock Exchange Stocks traded to investors who are living in a specific geographical area.
Created by: jessicalbeaver
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