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Biology chapter 8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is an organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds? | an autotroph |
| what is an organism that obtains energy from the food it consumes? also called consumer | heterotroph |
| what is the process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water's carbon dioxide into oxygen and high energy carbs such as sugars and starches? | photosynthesis |
| what are light absorbing molecules? | pigment |
| what is the principal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms that captures light energy? | chlorophyll |
| what are saclike photosynthetic membranes found in the chloroplasts? | thylakoids |
| what are the light-collecting units of the chloroplasts? | photosystem |
| what is the region outside the thylakoid membrane is the chloroplast? | stroma |
| what are stacks of thylakoid sacs? | granum |
| what is one of the carrier molecules that transfers high energy electrons from chlorophull to other molecules | NADP+ |
| What reaction of photosynthesis uses energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH? | Light-Dependent Reactions |
| What is a large protein that uses energy from H+ ions to bind ADP and a phosphate group together to produce ATP | ATP Synthase |
| What reaction of photosynthesis uses energy from ATP and NADPH to build high energy compounds such as sugar? | Calvin Cycle |
| Give two examples of autotrophs: | Plants, some bacteria |
| Give two examples of heterotrophs: | People, bacteria |
| What is the chemical compound that cells use to store energy? | ATP |
| What parts make up ATP? | Ribosome, Phosphate, Adenine |
| What does ATP stand for? | Adenine TriPhosphate |
| Name 3 cellular activities that use the energy stored in ATP | Osmosis, movement, and cell digestion |
| What goes on in the light dependent reaction? | Requires light; Converts ADP and NADP+ into ATP and NADPH |
| Which lights will plants grow in? | Blue-violet, and red |
| What are the products of photosynthesis? | O2 and Sugar |
| What is the difference in ATP and carbohydrates in terms of energy storage? | ATP is short term, carbs are long term |
| What factors affect the rate of photosynthesis? | Water, intensity of light, and temparture |
| What is in the thylakoid membrane? | Electron transport chain and photosystems |
| When does the thylakoid become positively charged? | Light-dependent reaction |
| Where do light-dependent reactions take place? | Thylakoid |
| Where does the Calvin Cycle take place? | Stroma |
| How is ADP formed from ATP? | Last phosphate group is removed |
| What is the product of the Calvin Cycle? | Sugar (glucose) |
| What is the optimal temperature for photosynthesis? | 0-35 degrees C |
| What is the overall equation for photosynthesis? | 6CO2 + 6H2O in the presence of light yields C6H12O6 + 6O2 |
| What do colors of sunlight form? | The visible spectrum of light |
| What are the pigments that absorb light energy? | Chlorophyll A & B and caroteniods |
| What is a high energy electron carrier? | NADP+ |
| Who concluded that aquatic plants produce oxygen bubbles in light but not dark? | Jan Ingenhousz |
| After careful measurement of a plant's water intake and mass increase, who concluded that trees gain most of their mass from oxygen? | Jan Van Helmont |
| Who used a bnell jar, candle, and plant to find good air is given off? | Priestly |
| Who traced the chemical path that carbon follows to from glucose? | Melvin Calvin |
| What donates electrons to photosystem II in the light dependent reactions? | Water |
Created by:
jena_leigh
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