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Biology Vocabulary
Bio vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| an organic molecule that acts as the main energy source for cell processes | ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate} |
| Aerobic | the process in which pyrovic acid is broken down and NADH is used to make a large amount of ATP, the part of respiration that is carried out in the presence of oxygen. |
| anaerobic | describes a process that does not require oxygen |
| cellular respiration | process by which cells obtain energy from carbohydrates atmospheric oxygen combines with glucose to form water and carbon dioxide . |
| glycolysis | an anaerobic breakdown of glucose to pyrovic acid which makes a small amount of energy available to cells in the form of ATP |
| stroma | in plants, the solution that surrounds the thylakoids in a chloroplast . |
| grana | a stack of thylakoids |
| cristae | one of the many foldings of the inner membrane of mitochondria |
| thylakoids | a membrane system found within chloroplasts that contains the components of photosynthesis |
| metabolism | the sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism |
| pigment | a substance that gives another substance or a mixture, its color |
| chloroplast | an organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs |
| fermentation | The breakdown of carbohydrates by enzymes, bacteria, yeasts, or mold in the absence of oxygen |
| chromatography | a laboratory method for separating pigments in a mixture |
| Calvin cycle | a biochemical pathway of photosynthesis in which carbon dioxide is converted into glucose using ATP |
| C4 Pathway | a carbon-fixing process in which carbon dioxide is bound to a compound to form a four-carbon intermediate. |
| CAM pathway | a water-conserving carbon fixing process, CAM plants take in carbon at night and fix it into various organic compounds and release it during the day |
| aero | air |
| a-an | not/without/lacking |
| glyc | sweet/sugar |
| meta/met | between/along/after |
| chlor | green |
| plast | form/formed into |
| chrom | green |
| gram/graph | recording/writing |
| syn | together |
| photo | light |
| sis | condition/state |