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Biology chapter 7:)
cells
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cell | collection of living matter enclosed by a barrier that separates the cell from its surroundings; basic unit of all forms of life |
| cell theory | ideas that all living thins are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells |
| nucleus | in cells, structure that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls the cell's activities |
| eukaryote | organism whose cells contain a nuclei |
| prokaryote | unicellular organism lacking a nuclues |
| organelle | specialized structure that performs important cellular functions within a eukaryotic cell |
| cytoplasm | material inside the cell membrane-not including the nucleus |
| nuclear envelope | layer of two membranes that surrounds the nucleus of a cell |
| chromatin | granular material visible within the nucleus; consists of DNA tightly coiled around proteins |
| chromasome | threadlike structure within the nucleus containing the genetic information that is passed from one generation of cells to the next |
| nucleolus | small, dense region within most nuclei in which the assembly of the proteins begins |
| ribosome | small particle in the cell on which proteins are assembled; made of RNA and protein |
| endoplasmic reticulum | internal membrane system in cells in which lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled and some proteins are modified |
| Golgi apparatus | stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum |
| lysosome | cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell |
| vacuole | cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins and carbohydrates |
| mitochondrion | cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use |
| chloroplast | organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy |
| cytoskeleton | network of protein filaments within some cells that helps the cell maintain its shape and is involved in many forms of cell movement |
| centriole | one of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells near the nuclear envelope |
Created by:
tatumw
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