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chpt 7 cells 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cell membrane | a thin, flexible barrier that all cells are surrounded by |
| cell wall | a strong supporting layer around the membrane |
| lipid bilayer | a double layered sheet that the composition of nearly all cell membranes are formed by ____ |
| concentration | the mass of solute in a given volume of solution, or mass/volume |
| diffusion | process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated |
| equilibrium | when the concentration of the solute is the same throughout the a system |
| osmosis | the diffusion of water through a selectively permable membrane |
| isotonic | when the concentration of two solutions is the same |
| hypotonic | when comparing two solutions, the solution with the lesser concentration of solutes |
| hypertonic | when comparing two solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of solutes |
| facilitated diffusion | molecules, such as glucose, that cannot diffuse across the cell membrane's lipid bilayer on their own move through protein channels instead |
| active transport | requires energy,generally carried out by transport proteins or "pumps" that are found in the membrane itself |
| endocytosis | the process of taking material into the cell by means of indofoldings, or pockets, of the cell membrane |
| phagocytosis | extensions of cytoplams surround a particle and package it within a food vacuole |
| pinocytosis | process by which a cell takes in liquid from the surrounding environment |
| exocytosis | process by which a cell releases large amounts of material |
| cell specialization | cells throughout an organelle can develop in different ways to perform different tasks |
| tissue | a group of similar cells that perform a particular function |
| organ | group of tissues that work together to perform closely related functions |
| organ system | group of organs that work together to perform a specific function |