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Cells Pratt
Chapter 7-1 & 7-2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cell | the basic units of life |
| cell theroy | a fundamental concept of biology -all living things are composed of cells -cells are the basic unit of structure and function -new cells are produced from existing cells |
| nucleus | a large membrane-enclosed structure that contains the cells genetic material in the form of DNA |
| Eukaryotes | cells that contain nuclei |
| prokaryotes | cells that do not contain nuclei |
| orgalelles | "little organs" |
| cytoplasm | the portion of the cell outside the nucleus |
| nuclear envalope | a nucleus is surrounded by a ______ composed of two membranes |
| chromatin | consists of DNA bounded to protien |
| chromosomes | the distinct thread like structures contain genetic information that is passed from one generation to the next |
| nucleolus | where the assembly of ribosomes begins |
| ribosomes | small particles of RNA and protien found throughout cytoplasm |
| endoplasmic reticulum | the site where lipid components of the cell membrane are assembled, as well protiens and other materials that are exported form the cell |
| Golgi apparatus | its function is to modify, sort, and package proties and other materials from the ER for storage in the cell or secretion outside the cell |
| lysosomes | small organelles filled with enzymes to breakdown lipids, carbs, and protiens, to small enough molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell |
| vacoles | some kinds of cells that contain sac-like structures that store materials such as water, salts, carbs, and potiens |
| mitochondria | organelles that convert chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are easy for the cell to use |
| chloroplasts | organelles thst capture energy from sunlight and convert it into chemical energy called photodynthesis |
| cytoskeleton | Eusryotic cells are given their shape by a supporting structure known as____. |
| centrioles | locates near the nucleus to help organize cell division |