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Cell Flashcard
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Cells | The basic units of life |
| Cell Theory | A fundamental concept that summarizes the discoveries of biologists. |
| Nucleus | A large membrane enclosed structure that contains the cells genetic material in the form of DNA |
| Eukaryotes | Cells that contain nuclei |
| Prokaryotes | Cells that do not contain nuclei |
| Organelles | Structures in cells that act as "little organs" |
| Cytoplasm | The portion of the cell outside of the nucleus |
| Nuclear Envelope | Layer of two membranes that surround the nucleus of a cell |
| Chromatin | The granular material you can see in the nucleus that consists of DNA bound to protein |
| Chromosomes | Formed when chromatin condenses, contain genetic info passed from one generation of cells to the next |
| Nucleolus | A small dense region where the assembly of ribosomes begins |
| Ribosomes | Small particles of RNA and protein found throughout the cytoplasm |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) | The site where lipid componets of the cell membrane are assembled along w/protein and other materials that are exported fromt the cell |
| Glogi Apparatus | Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the ER for storage in the cell or secretion outside the cell |
| Lysosomes | Small organelles filled w/ enzymes |
| Vacuoles | Store materials like water, salts, proteins & carbs |
| Mitochondria | Convert chemical energy in food into compounds that are more concenient for the cell to use |
| Chloroplasts | Capture energy from sunlight & convert it into chemical energy during photosynthesis |
| Cytoskeleton | Supporting structure that gives Eukaryotic cells their shape |
| Centrioles | Located near nucleus & help organize cell division |
| Cell Membrane | A thin felxible layer that surrounds cells |
| Cell Wall | A strong supporting layer around the membrane |
| Lipid Bilayer | A double layered sheet of lipids that froms the cell membrane |
| Concentration | The mass of solute in a given volume of solution |
| Diffusion | Particles in solution move to an area where they are less concentrated |
| Equilibrium | When the concentration of a solute is the same throughout a solution |
| Osmosis | The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane |
| Isotonic | When the concentration of two solutions is the same |
| Hypertonic | When comparing 2 solutions the solution w/the greater concentration of solutes |
| Hypotonic | Solution w/lesser consentration of solutes |
| Faciliated Diffusion | Movement of specific molecules across cell membranes through protein channels |
| Active Transport | Energy requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against a concentration differnece |
| Endocytosis | Process of taking material into the cell by means of infoldings/ pockets of the cell membrane |
| Phagocytosis | Process where extensions of cytoplasm sorround & engulf large particles & take them into the cell |
| Pinocytosis | Procees where cell takes in liquid from surrounding environment using tiny pockets that pinch off & from vacuoles |
| Exocytosis | Membrane of vacuole surrounding the material fuses w/the cell membrane forcing contents out of cell |
| Cell Specialization | Cells in organism develope in different ways to perform different tasks |
| Tissue | A group of similar cells the perform a particular function |
| Organ | Many groups of tissue work together as organ |
| Organ System | Group of organs that work together to perform a particulat function |
Created by:
katelynh97
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