Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chapter 8
| Word | Def. |
|---|---|
| active transport | energy-expanding process by which cells transport materials across the cell membrane against a concentration gradient |
| endocytosis | active transport process where a cell engulfs materials with a portion of the cell's plasma membrane and releases the contents inside of the cell |
| exocytosis | active transport process by which materials are secreted or expelled from a cell |
| facilitated diffusion | passive transport of materials across a plasma membrane by transport proteins embedded in the plasma membrane |
| hypertonic solution | in cells, solution in which the concentration of dissolved substances outside the cell is higher than the concentration of substances inside the cell; causes a cell to shrink as water leaves the cell |
| isotonic solution | in cells, solution in which the concentration of dissolved substances in the solution is the same as the concentration of dissolved substances inside a cell |
| osmosis | diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane depending on the concentration of solutes on either side of the membrane |
| passive transport | movement of particles across cell membranes by diffusion or osmosis, the cell uses no energy to move particles across the membrane |
| hypotonic solution | in cells, solution in which the concentration of dissolved substances in lower in the solution outside the cell than the concentration inside the cell; causes a cell to swell and possibly burst as water enters the cell |
| anaphase | third phase of mitosis in which the centromeres split and the chromatid pairs of each chromosome are pulled apart by microtubules |
| cell cycle | continuous sequence of growth and division in a cell |
| centriole | in animal cells, a pair of small cylindrical structures composed of microtubules that duplicate during interphase and move to opposite ends of the cell during prophase |
| centromere | cell structure that joins two sister chromatids of a chromosome |
| chromatin | long strands of DNA found in the eukaryotic cell nucleus |
| chromosome | cell structures that carry the genetic material that is copied and passed from generation of cells |
| cytokineses | cell process following mitosis or meiosis in which the cell's cytoplasm divides and seperates into new cells |
| interphase | cell growth phase where a cell increases in size |
| metaphase | short second phase of mitosis where doubled chromosomes move to the equator of the spindle and chromatids are atached by centromeres to seperate spindle fiber |
| mitosis | period of nuclear cell division in which two daughter cells are formed, each containing a complete set of chromatids |
| organ | group of two or more tissues organized to perform complex activities within an organism |
| organ system | multiple organs that work together to perform a specific life function |
| prophase | first and longest phase of mitosis where chromatin coils into visible chromosomes |
| sister chromatid | identical two halves of a duplicated parent chromoseme formed during the prophase stage of mitosis; the halves are held together by a centromere |
| spindle | cell structures composed of microtubule fibers; forms between the centrioles during prophase and shorten during anaphase |
| telophase | final phase of mitosis during which new cells prepare for their own independent existence |
| tissue | groups of cells that work together to perform a specific function |
| cancer | uncontrolled cell division that may be caused by enviromental factors and/or changes in enzyme production in the cell cycle |
| gene | segment of DNA that controls the protein production and the cell cycle |
Created by:
bio123
Popular Biology sets