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Chapter 6
| Word | Def. |
|---|---|
| Molecule | Group of atoms held together by covalent bonds; has no overall charge |
| Nucleus | Positively charged center of an atom composed of neutrons and positively charged protons and surrounded be negatively charged electrons |
| Isotope | Atoms of the same elements that have different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus |
| Covalent Bond | Chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons |
| Base | Any substance that forms hydroxide ions (OH-) in water and has a pH above 7 |
| Acid | Any substance that forms hydrogen ions (H+) in water and has a pH below 7 |
| Element | Substance that can't be broken down into simpler chemical substances |
| pH | Measure of how acidic or basic a solution is; the scale ranges from below 0 to above 14; solution with pH above 7 is a basic and a solution with a pH below 7 is acidic |
| Solution | Mixture in which one or more substances(solutes) are distributed evenly in another substance(solvent) |
| Mixture | Combination of substances in which individual components retain their own properties |
| Metabolism | All of the chemical reactions that occur within an organism |
| Ionic Bond | Chemical bond formed by the attractive forces between two ions of opposite charge |
| Ion | Atoms or group of atoms that gain or lose electrons has an electrical charge |
| Atoms | Smallest particle of an element that has the characteristics of that element; basic building block of all matter |
| Compound | Substance composed of atoms of two or more different elements that are chemically combined |
| Energy | The ability to cause change |
| Homeostasis | Regulation of the internal enviroment of a cell or organism to maintain conditions suitable for life |
| Dynamic Equilibrium | Results of diffusion where there is continuous movement of particle but no overall change in concentration |
| Diffusion | Net random movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, eventually resulting in even distribution |
| Hydrogen Bond | Weak chemical bond formed by the attraction of positively charged hydrogen atoms to other negatively charged atoms |
| Polar Molecule | Molecule with an unequal distribution of charge, resulting in the molecule having a positive end and a negative end |
| Organism | Anything that possesses all the characteristics of life |
| Polymer | Large molecule formed when many smaller molecules bond together |
| Protein | Large complex polymer essential to all life composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen, and sometimes sulfur |
| Peptide Bond | Covalent bond formed between amino acids |
| Nucleotide | Subunits of nucleic acid formed a simpler sugar |
| Nucleic Acid | Complex biomolecules such as RNA and DNA that store cellular information in cells in the form of a code |
| Lipid | Large organic compounds made mostly of carbon and hydrogen with a small amount of oxygen |
| Isomer | Compounds with the same simple formula but different three-dimensional structures resulting in different physical and chemical properties |
| Enzyme | Type of protein found in all loving thins that changes the rate of chemical reactions |
| Carbohydrate | Organic compound used by cells to store and release energy; composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
Created by:
bio123
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