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Amino acids/protien
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define tetrapeptide. | 4 Amino acids linked together |
| A protein made up of three different proteins and is found in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Its main function is to regulate muscle contraction. Used to diagnose and monitor MI. | Troponin |
| Copper containing protein | Ceruloplasmin |
| Define Tertiary structure of a protein. | The three-dimensional structure of a protein |
| Define amphoteric. | proteins can have a postive or negative charge |
| (an acute phase reactant) neutralizes enzymes that can cause structure damage to proteins | Alpha-1 antitrypsin |
| Contain peptide chains, which, on hydrolysis (addition of water) breakdown into amino acids only. | Simple proteins |
| Define the quaternary structure of a protein. | The arrangement of two or more polypeptide chains |
| Define primary structure of a protein. | Number, kinds of amino acids, and their sequence in the polypeptide chain |
| Define dipeptide. | 2 amino acids linked together |
| protein marker for neural tube disorders, spina bifida and fetal distress in general | Alpha-1 fetoprotein (AFP) |
| Define the secondary structure of a protein. | Winding of the polypeptide chain, usualy forms a helix |
| What are the building blocks of proteins? | Amino acids |
| Define polypeptide. | More than 4 amino acids linked together. |
| Antibodies (IgM, IgG, IgD, IgE, IgA) | Immunoglobulins |
| Five common bands seen on a serum electrophoresis. | albumin, alpha-1 globulins, alpha-2 globulins, beta-globulins, gamma globulins |
| An increased level of protein above the normal patient reference range. | Hyperproteinemia |
| (plasma protein in highest concentration in blood) maintains blood pressure and binds various substances in the blood | Albumin |
| Binds free hemoglobin – used to evaluate rheumatic disease and intravascular hemolysis | Haptoglobin |
| Removal of heme portion of hemoglobin molecule from the blood | Hemopexin |
| Define tripeptide. | 3 amino acids linked together |
| A protein found in skeletal and cardiac muscles, concentration level increases in the blood when there is damage to muscles. | Myoglobin |
| Define aminoacidopathy. | Enzyme defect that inhibits the body's ability to metabolize certain amino acids |
| Forms fibron clot when activated by thrombin | Fibrinogen |
| Define denaturation. | Loss of function & molecular characteristics due to heat, hydrolysis, UV light. |
| Inhibits thrombin and certain enzymes (trypsin and pepsin) | Alpha-2 macroglobulin |
| A collection of several proteins that participate in the immune response, also participate in the inflammatory response | Complement |
| (acute phase reactant) associated with inflammatory conditions, phagocytosis | C-reactive protein (CRP) |
| A decreased level of protein below the normal patient reference range. | Hypoproteinemia |
| Define nitrogen balance. | anabolism equals catabolism |
| Separates proteins on the basis of the isoelectric potential (pI). | Principle of isoelectric focusing (IEF) |
| Separates proteins on the basis of their electrical charges | Electrophoresis |
| Transports iron and prevents loss of iron through the kidneys | Transferrin |
| Define isoelectric point (pI). | When the AA or protein has no charge. |
| Transport cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids in the blood | Lipoproteins |
| Component of the human leukocyte antigens (HLA) (Major histocompatibility complex that deals with immunity) | Beta-2 microglobulin |
| Serves as a transport mechanism for the thyroid hormones, also an indicator of malnutrition | Prealbumin |
| Are made up of a couple of structures - an apoprotein and a prosthetic group (carbohydrate, lipid, porphyrin, metals, etc.) | Conjugated proteins |
Created by:
CZUPAN
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