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Amino acids/protien

QuestionAnswer
Define tetrapeptide. 4 Amino acids linked together
A protein made up of three different proteins and is found in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Its main function is to regulate muscle contraction. Used to diagnose and monitor MI. Troponin
Copper containing protein Ceruloplasmin
Define Tertiary structure of a protein. The three-dimensional structure of a protein
Define amphoteric. proteins can have a postive or negative charge
(an acute phase reactant) neutralizes enzymes that can cause structure damage to proteins Alpha-1 antitrypsin
Contain peptide chains, which, on hydrolysis (addition of water) breakdown into amino acids only. Simple proteins
Define the quaternary structure of a protein. The arrangement of two or more polypeptide chains
Define primary structure of a protein. Number, kinds of amino acids, and their sequence in the polypeptide chain
Define dipeptide. 2 amino acids linked together
protein marker for neural tube disorders, spina bifida and fetal distress in general Alpha-1 fetoprotein (AFP)
Define the secondary structure of a protein. Winding of the polypeptide chain, usualy forms a helix
What are the building blocks of proteins? Amino acids
Define polypeptide. More than 4 amino acids linked together.
Antibodies (IgM, IgG, IgD, IgE, IgA) Immunoglobulins
Five common bands seen on a serum electrophoresis. albumin, alpha-1 globulins, alpha-2 globulins, beta-globulins, gamma globulins
An increased level of protein above the normal patient reference range. Hyperproteinemia
(plasma protein in highest concentration in blood) maintains blood pressure and binds various substances in the blood Albumin
Binds free hemoglobin – used to evaluate rheumatic disease and intravascular hemolysis Haptoglobin
Removal of heme portion of hemoglobin molecule from the blood Hemopexin
Define tripeptide. 3 amino acids linked together
A protein found in skeletal and cardiac muscles, concentration level increases in the blood when there is damage to muscles. Myoglobin
Define aminoacidopathy. Enzyme defect that inhibits the body's ability to metabolize certain amino acids
Forms fibron clot when activated by thrombin Fibrinogen
Define denaturation. Loss of function & molecular characteristics due to heat, hydrolysis, UV light.
Inhibits thrombin and certain enzymes (trypsin and pepsin) Alpha-2 macroglobulin
A collection of several proteins that participate in the immune response, also participate in the inflammatory response Complement
(acute phase reactant) associated with inflammatory conditions, phagocytosis C-reactive protein (CRP)
A decreased level of protein below the normal patient reference range. Hypoproteinemia
Define nitrogen balance. anabolism equals catabolism
Separates proteins on the basis of the isoelectric potential (pI). Principle of isoelectric focusing (IEF)
Separates proteins on the basis of their electrical charges Electrophoresis
Transports iron and prevents loss of iron through the kidneys Transferrin
Define isoelectric point (pI). When the AA or protein has no charge.
Transport cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids in the blood Lipoproteins
Component of the human leukocyte antigens (HLA) (Major histocompatibility complex that deals with immunity) Beta-2 microglobulin
Serves as a transport mechanism for the thyroid hormones, also an indicator of malnutrition Prealbumin
Are made up of a couple of structures - an apoprotein and a prosthetic group (carbohydrate, lipid, porphyrin, metals, etc.) Conjugated proteins
Created by: CZUPAN
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