Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
108 Chpt 7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Location of heart | 3rd and 7th ribs |
| Where is the myocardium the thickest? | Left ventricle |
| Why is the left ventricle the strongest? | Has to pump blood the furthest distance |
| Septum between Atrias | Interatrial Septum |
| Septum between ventricles | Interventricular Septum |
| Septum between atrias and vetricles | Atrioventricular Septum |
| Which has more structure, arteries or veins? | Arteries |
| Properties of arteries | thick-walled, smooth muscle |
| Function of smooth muscle in arteries | Changes diameter of vessel lumen |
| function of arteries | carry blood away from heart |
| Vasoconstriction | SM contracts and lumen is reduced |
| Vasodilation | SM relaxes and lumen is increased |
| What directly affects blood pressure | Vasoconstriction and vasodilation |
| Relation between resistance and pressure in arteries | Lower resistance lower pressure |
| Relation between blood pressure and resistance | Higher blood pressure for higher resistance |
| What vaso means high blood pressure and why | Vasoconstriction because more resistance |
| Largest artery | Aorta |
| More cranial part of heart | Base |
| More caudal part of heart | Apex |
| Properties of veins | Thin and less muscle. less pressure |
| Valve in veins that keep blood flowing in 1 way | intravenous unidirectional valve |
| True or false. veins can vasoconstrict and vasodilate | True, just less |
| What are veins used for? | Blood collection and IV injections |
| Why do veins need the valves? | Bc don't have the pressure to move blood on own |
| Why are veins used for IV? | Veins go directly to the heart then to the whole body, so injection gets spread quickly |
| Why are veins used for blood collection? | Bc less pressure and have thinner walls. Easier to control blood lose |
| What is the largest vein | Vena Cava |
| What is the smallest vessel in the body? | Capillaries |
| Properties of capillaries | Permeable. thin walls one cell thick with pores. |
| Why are capillaries permeable? | Location of exchanges take place |
| Flow of large to small from heart back to heart | Artery-Arteriole-Capillary-Venules-Veins |
| Cardiac Cycle | Activity that heart engages to make heart beat and blood move |
| Diastole | Relaxation |
| Systole | Contraction |
| Details of cardiac cycle | Blood comes into atria&ventricles at same time.Atrial systole pushes rest of blood2ventricules.Pressure builds&ventricular systole (closure of A-V. 1st sound)Blood goes through pulmonary valva&aortic valve at same time. Relaxes and valves close-2nd sound |
| Where is blood pressure measured | In arteries |
| Systolic Pressure | when heart contracts and relaxes |
| How is blood pressure measured | Systolic/diastolic |
| 1st heart sound | Closure of A-V valve |
| 2nd heart sound | Closure of Pulmonary and Aortic Valve |
| Abnormal heart sound | murmur |
| What does electrocardiography measure? | Cardiac conduction system |
| How can you read an electrocardiograph? | Watch on machine or print on paper |
| P wave | Atrial systole |
| P-R segment | time between Atriole systole and Ventricular systole |
| QRS complex | Ventricle systole |
| T wave | Ventricle diastole |
| Why is QRS so big? | Ventricle movement and ventricles have most muscle and most movement |
| SA node | Signal for contraction. signal spreads and causes atrial systole (r&l at same time) |
| What is it called when SA node sends a signal and it spreads? | Electrical impuse |
| AV node | Picks up electrical impuse and spreads it to bundle of his |
| Bundle of His | travels down interventricular septum till reaches apex, then travels up outer edge |
| Purkinje Fibers | Contract upwards in ventricles along outer edge |
| When do cardiac arrest mostly happen? | Risk of surgery and anesthesia or the result of sever systemic disease or trauma |
| Hypertension | Heritable condition, may not be apparent at a young age |
| Congenital cardiac defects | Aortic stenosis, pulmonic stenosis, or ventricular septal defects |
| Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy commonly occurs in | Cats |
| What is used to diagnose and monitor cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy | Echocardiography |
| What happens in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy | Develop saddle thromobus-clot dislodges and goes to terminal end of aorta, blocking main arterial branches that supply to hindlims. Lack of blood to affected limbs is excruciatingly painful |
| Dilatory cardiomyopathy commonly occurs in | Dogs, especially certain large breeds |
| What happens in dilatory cardiomyopathy | Ventricular free walls become think and weak and chamber size increases. Poor Cardiac output. FATAL |
| What happens when congestive heart failure occurs in dilatory cardimyopathy | Results in retrograde backup&blood poolin in veins, venules&capillaries.backup incr hydrostatic pressure in capillaries.results in edematous fluids. |
| What causes endocarditis | infectious agents (viral, bacterial, or fungal) |
| Most common cause of endocarditis | Moilization of bacteria from mouth of dog or cat with periodontal disease. Bacteria enter blood stream from tissues in mouth |
| Result of endocarditis | Complete cardiovascular collapse and death |
| Most common infectious cardiac disease to affect companion animals | Heartworm disease |
| What is heartworm disease caused by | parasite Dirofilaria Immitis |
| Location of Dirofilaria Immitis | heart (right side) and pulmonary artery |
| How does heartworm spread | Adults reproduce to form microfilaria. microfilaria travel with blood and gets ingested by mosquitos. Develop to infective larbal stage. moves to mosquitos mouth and into blood of animal |
| How long does it take for mosquito larvae to infect new animal? | 6 months |
| What is a sign of heartworm? | Right-sided cardiomegaly in readiograph |
| What develops from heartworm | Right-sided congestive heart failure. directly affects liver and kidney function. acites(abdominal fluid accumulation) formation |
| Why are heartworm patients intolerant to activity and exercise | Insufficiently pumping blood form lf ventricle to blood leaves body with low oxygen (hypoxia) |
| Symptoms of heartworm | cough and difficulty breathing |
| Purpose of heartworm pills | kills larvae that have been transmitted during the last month |
Created by:
lrmccauley
Popular Biology sets