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Chapter5 Cell Theory

Chapter 5 notes

QuestionAnswer
What is the basic unit of structure and function in living things? Cells
What forms the basic framework in which biologists have tried to understand living things ever since? Cell Theory
What does the cell theory state? All living things are composed of cells. Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. All cells come from preexisting cells.
What are the 3 basic structures in the cells of animals, plants, and related organisms? The cell membrane: or outer boundary of the cell; the nucleus, or control center. and the cytoplasm, or material between the cell membrane and the nucleus
What separates all cells from there surroundings? Cell membrane
In organisms such as plants algae, and some bacteria, the cell membrane is separated by what? Cell wall
In many cells a dark structure described by Robert Brown is call what? nucleus
What has organisms that lack nuclei? Prokaryotes
What has organisms that has nuclei? Eukaryotes
Surronding the nucleus on a eukaryotic cell is 2 membranes that are called what? nuclear envelope
The small region in most nuclei that is made up of RNA and proteins is? nucleolus
The DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells is attached to special proteins and forms large structures called? chromosomes
Whats the area between the nucleus and the cell membrane? cytoplasm
What is a tiny structure that performs a specialized function in the cell called? Organelle
What changes the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use? Mitochondrion
What traps the energy of sunlight and converts it into chemical energy? Chloroplast
The structures in which proteins are made are called? Ribosomes
Cells are filled with this complex network of sacs know as? endoplasmic reticulum
Proteins moved into a special compartment are know as what? Golgi apparatus
Small membranes that contain chemicals and enzymes that are necessary for digesting certain materials in the cell are known as what? Lysosomes
Sacs that contain materials like water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates are? vacuoles
Plant organelles that take many forms, on which is chloroplast is what? Plastids
Created by: 1811203848
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