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Biology Ch. 5 Cards

Chapter 5 Vocabulary

QuestionAnswer
What is the cell theory? It is the understanding that all living things are composed of cells and that all cells come from preexisting cells.
What regulates what enters and leaves the cell and aids in the protection and support of the cell? The cell membrane.
What helps to protect and support the cell and lies outside of the cell membrane? The cell wall.
What is the organelle that controls the cell's activities and contains DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)? The nucleus.
What are organisms whose cells lack nuclei known as? They are prokaryotes.
What are organisms whose cells contain nuclei known as? They are eukaryotes.
What is the membrane that surrounds the nucleus of a cell? The nuclear envelope.
What is the cell structure inside of a nucleus that contains RNA and proteins? The nucleolus.
What is a threadlike structure in a cell that contains the genetic information that is passed on from one generation of cells to the next? A chromosome.
What is the area between the nucleus and cell membrane of a cell? The cytoplasm.
What is a tiny structure that performs a specialized function in the cell? An organelle.
What organelle changes the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use? The mitochondria.
What organelles trap the energy of sunlight and convert it into chemical energy? A chloroplast.
What are the structures in which proteins are made? They are ribosomes.
What organelle transports materials through the inside of the cell? The endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
What is the organelle that modifies, collects, packages, and distributes molecules made at one location of the cell and used at another? The Golgi apparatus.
What are small membrane-bordered structures that contain chemicals and enzymes necessary for digesting certain materials in the cell? They are known as the cell's clean up crew. They are lysosomes.
What are saclike organelles that store materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates? They are vacuoles.
What are plant cell organelles involved in the storage of food and pigments? They are plastids.
What is the framework of the cell composed of a variety of filaments and fibers that support cell structure and drive cell movement known as? The cytoskeleton.
Created by: David Swenson
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