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Inside the Cell
Advanced Biology Ch. 4 Review
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| (T/F) Prokaryotic cells do not have mitochondria | T |
| (T/F) A virus can be seen and studied using a light microscope | F |
| Plant ___ may contain pigments, toxins and sugars. | Vacuoles |
| (T/F) A bacterial cell can contain thousands of ribosomes | T |
| (T/F) A light microscope allows us to see cells and their inner complexity | F |
| (T/F) In both Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes, the plasma membrane is a phospholipid bilayer | T |
| (T/F) A receptor protein has a special shape that allows a signal molecule to bind to it | T |
| The plasma membrane is called a ___ because it contains a pattern of proteins suspended within a phospholipid bilayer | Fluid Mosaic |
| The interior membrane of the mitochondria forms the ___ | Cristae |
| The inner space within a mitochondria is called the ___ | Matrix |
| Eukaryotic cells compensate for a low surface-to-volume ratio by ___ their activities into organelles | Compartmentalizing |
| Ribosomal subunits are produced in the ___ | Nucleolus |
| Site of cellular respiration | Mitochondria |
| Site of photosynthesis | Chloroplasts |
| The organelle that sorts proteins and sends them to their final destinations is the ___ | Golgi apparatus |
| The organelle which takes in and digests used up cell parts and other foreign matter | Lysosome |
| (T/F) Ribosomes function as part of the cytoskeleton | F |
| (T/F) Microvilli function as part of the cytoskeleton | F |
| ___ are the most abundant cell type in the human body. | Red blood cells |
| Fundamental units of all living things | Cells |
| Increase the surface area available for absorption for such cells as those within your intestines | Microvilli |
| Regulates the movement of materials into and out of the cell | Plasma membrane |
| Semi-fluid substance filling the interior of the cell | Cytoplasm |
| Domain __ and bacteria are the domains of prokaryotic cells | Archaea |
| Many ___ decompose dead remains and contribute to ecological cycles | Bacteria |
| In a bacterial cell, the ___ maintains the shape of the cell | Cell wall |
| Protective layer of polysaccharides which may be present surround a bacterial cell | Capsule |
| Elongated, hollow appendage used to transfer DNA to other cells | Conjugation Pilus |
| Location of bacterial chromosome | Nucleoid |
| Gel-like coating outside the cell wall | Capsule |
| Site of protein synthesis | Ribosome |
| Hair like bristles that allow adhesion to surfaces | Fimbriae |
| Rotating filament that propels the cell | Flagella |
| Small, hairlike appendages that play a role in movement | Cilia |
| Eukaryotic cells have a ___ nucleus | Membrane-bound |
| Small specialized structures within a cell | Organelles |
| The ___ contains small openings which allow substances to pass from the nucleus to the cytoplasm | Nuclear envelope |
| ___ is composed of DNA, protein and RNA | Chromatin |
| Structure composed of coiled chromatin | Chromosome |
| Openings within the nuclear envelope | Nuclear pores |
| After ___ leaves the nucleus, it attaches itself to a ribosome and polypeptide synthesis begins | mRNA |
| Consists of a stack of 3 to 20 slightly curved flattened saccules | Golgi apparatus |
| Chloroplasts use ___ to synthesize and store carbohydrates | Solar energy |
| ___ resemble centrioles and anchor the flagella and cilia in the plasma membrane | Basal bodies |
| Some plant cells have a secondary cell wall containing ___ and cellulose which give them rigidity | Lignin |
| Small, membrane lined channels called ___ span the cell wall and contain strands of cytoplasm which allow materials to pass from one cell to another | Plasmodesmata |
| Contains proteins and polysaccharides produced by the cell that helps support cells and aid in communication between cells | Extracellular matrix |
| Junctions which allow the passage of small molecules between cells | Gap junctions |
| Internal cytoplasmic plaques firmly attached to the cytoskeleton of each cell | Adhesion junctions |
| Plasma membrane proteins which actually attach to each other, producing a zipper like fastening | Tight junctions |
| Short cylinders with a pattern of microtubule triplets that occur in a circular pattern | Centrioles |
| ___ associated with cytoskeleton are instrumental in allowing cellular movements | Motor proteins |
| Consists of two chains of globular actin monomers | Actin filaments |
| A microtubule organizing center | Centrosome |
| Small, hollow cylinders composed of 13 long chains of tubulin | Mictotubules |
| Breakdown of of carbohydrates | Cellular respiration |
| Storage of carbohydrates which occurs in plants | Photosynthesis |
| Large inner space of the chloroplast | Stroma |
| Disc-like sacs within the stroma where the pigments are concentrated | Thylakoids |
| Stacks of thylakoids | Grana |
| Body's main energy supply | Adenosine Triphosphate |
| In charge of lipid synthesis | Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| In charge of protein synthesis and modification with the aid of ribosomes | Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum |
| Fuses with plasma membrane as section occurs | Secretion vesicles |
| Category of organelles which includes the membranes of the ER, nucleus and vesicles | Endomembrane system |
| Lattice of protein filaments and tubules that maintains the shape of the cell and assists in the movement of organelles | Cytoskeleton |
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