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Inside the Cell
Advanced Biology Ch. 4 Review
Question | Answer |
---|---|
(T/F) Prokaryotic cells do not have mitochondria | T |
(T/F) A virus can be seen and studied using a light microscope | F |
Plant ___ may contain pigments, toxins and sugars. | Vacuoles |
(T/F) A bacterial cell can contain thousands of ribosomes | T |
(T/F) A light microscope allows us to see cells and their inner complexity | F |
(T/F) In both Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes, the plasma membrane is a phospholipid bilayer | T |
(T/F) A receptor protein has a special shape that allows a signal molecule to bind to it | T |
The plasma membrane is called a ___ because it contains a pattern of proteins suspended within a phospholipid bilayer | Fluid Mosaic |
The interior membrane of the mitochondria forms the ___ | Cristae |
The inner space within a mitochondria is called the ___ | Matrix |
Eukaryotic cells compensate for a low surface-to-volume ratio by ___ their activities into organelles | Compartmentalizing |
Ribosomal subunits are produced in the ___ | Nucleolus |
Site of cellular respiration | Mitochondria |
Site of photosynthesis | Chloroplasts |
The organelle that sorts proteins and sends them to their final destinations is the ___ | Golgi apparatus |
The organelle which takes in and digests used up cell parts and other foreign matter | Lysosome |
(T/F) Ribosomes function as part of the cytoskeleton | F |
(T/F) Microvilli function as part of the cytoskeleton | F |
___ are the most abundant cell type in the human body. | Red blood cells |
Fundamental units of all living things | Cells |
Increase the surface area available for absorption for such cells as those within your intestines | Microvilli |
Regulates the movement of materials into and out of the cell | Plasma membrane |
Semi-fluid substance filling the interior of the cell | Cytoplasm |
Domain __ and bacteria are the domains of prokaryotic cells | Archaea |
Many ___ decompose dead remains and contribute to ecological cycles | Bacteria |
In a bacterial cell, the ___ maintains the shape of the cell | Cell wall |
Protective layer of polysaccharides which may be present surround a bacterial cell | Capsule |
Elongated, hollow appendage used to transfer DNA to other cells | Conjugation Pilus |
Location of bacterial chromosome | Nucleoid |
Gel-like coating outside the cell wall | Capsule |
Site of protein synthesis | Ribosome |
Hair like bristles that allow adhesion to surfaces | Fimbriae |
Rotating filament that propels the cell | Flagella |
Small, hairlike appendages that play a role in movement | Cilia |
Eukaryotic cells have a ___ nucleus | Membrane-bound |
Small specialized structures within a cell | Organelles |
The ___ contains small openings which allow substances to pass from the nucleus to the cytoplasm | Nuclear envelope |
___ is composed of DNA, protein and RNA | Chromatin |
Structure composed of coiled chromatin | Chromosome |
Openings within the nuclear envelope | Nuclear pores |
After ___ leaves the nucleus, it attaches itself to a ribosome and polypeptide synthesis begins | mRNA |
Consists of a stack of 3 to 20 slightly curved flattened saccules | Golgi apparatus |
Chloroplasts use ___ to synthesize and store carbohydrates | Solar energy |
___ resemble centrioles and anchor the flagella and cilia in the plasma membrane | Basal bodies |
Some plant cells have a secondary cell wall containing ___ and cellulose which give them rigidity | Lignin |
Small, membrane lined channels called ___ span the cell wall and contain strands of cytoplasm which allow materials to pass from one cell to another | Plasmodesmata |
Contains proteins and polysaccharides produced by the cell that helps support cells and aid in communication between cells | Extracellular matrix |
Junctions which allow the passage of small molecules between cells | Gap junctions |
Internal cytoplasmic plaques firmly attached to the cytoskeleton of each cell | Adhesion junctions |
Plasma membrane proteins which actually attach to each other, producing a zipper like fastening | Tight junctions |
Short cylinders with a pattern of microtubule triplets that occur in a circular pattern | Centrioles |
___ associated with cytoskeleton are instrumental in allowing cellular movements | Motor proteins |
Consists of two chains of globular actin monomers | Actin filaments |
A microtubule organizing center | Centrosome |
Small, hollow cylinders composed of 13 long chains of tubulin | Mictotubules |
Breakdown of of carbohydrates | Cellular respiration |
Storage of carbohydrates which occurs in plants | Photosynthesis |
Large inner space of the chloroplast | Stroma |
Disc-like sacs within the stroma where the pigments are concentrated | Thylakoids |
Stacks of thylakoids | Grana |
Body's main energy supply | Adenosine Triphosphate |
In charge of lipid synthesis | Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum |
In charge of protein synthesis and modification with the aid of ribosomes | Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum |
Fuses with plasma membrane as section occurs | Secretion vesicles |
Category of organelles which includes the membranes of the ER, nucleus and vesicles | Endomembrane system |
Lattice of protein filaments and tubules that maintains the shape of the cell and assists in the movement of organelles | Cytoskeleton |