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Biology Vocab

Vocab using root words

QuestionsAnswer
Photosythesis process by which autotrophs such as algae and plants, trap energy from sunlight with chlorophyll and use this energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into simple sugars
Chlorophyll light absorbing pigment in plants and some protists that is required for photosynthesis; absorbs most wavelengths of ligh except for green
Photolysis reaction taking place in the thylakoid membranes of a chloroplast during light-dependent reactions where two molecules of water are split to form oxygen, hydrogen ions, and electrons
Glycolisis in cellular respiration, series of anaerobic chemcial reactions in the cytoplasm that breaks down glucose into pyruvic acid, forms a net profit of two ATP molecules
anaerobic chemical reactions that do not require the presence of oxygen
aerobic chemical reactions that require the presence of oxygen
triphosphate Three phosphates
isomer compounds with the same simple formula but different three-dimensional structures resulting in different physical and chemcial properties
polymer large molecule formed when many smaller molecules bond together
enzyme type of protein found in all living things that changes the rate of chemcial reactions
biomolecule a large organic molecule found in living organisms; examples are carbohydrates lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
polysaccarides many sugars
disaccaride two sugars
monosaccaride one sugar
cytoplasm clear, gelatinous fluid in cells that is the site of numerous chemcial reactions; in eukaryotic cells, it suspends the cell's organelles
endoplasmic within the plasma
vacuole membrane-bound space in the cytoplasm of cells used for the temporary storage of materials (empty)
lysosome organelles that contain digestive enzymes; digest excess or worn out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria
cytoskeleton cellular framework found within the cytoplasm composed of microtublules and microfilaments
mitochondrian eukaryotic memrane-bound organelles that transform energy stored in food molecules; has a highly folded inner membrane that produces energy-storing molecules.
chloroplast chlorophyll-containing organelles found in the cells of green plants and some protists; capture light energy and converted it to chemical energy.
phospholipid lipids with an attached phosphate group; plasma membranes are composed of phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins.
Created by: nmcintyre32
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