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Ch. 4 science vocab

QuestionAnswer
ATP a molecule that transfers energy from the break down of food molecules to cell processes (3 phosphates)
ADP a lower-energy molecule that can be converted into ATP by the addition of a phosphate group (2 phosphates)
Chemosynthesis process by which ATP is synthesized by using chemicals as an energy source instead of light
Photosynthesis process by which light energy is converted into chemical energy; produces sugar and oxygen from carbon dioxide and water
Chlorophyll light-absorbing pigment molecule in photosynthetic organisms
Thylakoid membrane bound structure within chloroplast that contains chlorophyll and other light absorbing pigments used in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis
Light-Dependent reactions part of a photosynthesis that absorbs energy from sunlight and transfers energy to the light independent reactions
Light-independent reactions part of photosynthesis that uses energy absorbed during the light dependent reactions to synthesize carbohydrates
Photosystem series of light absorbing pigments and proteins that capture and transfer in the thylakoid membrane
Electron transport train series of proteins in the thylakoid and mitochondrial membranes that aid in converting ADP to ATP by transferring electrons
ATP synthase enzyme that catalyzes the reaction that adds a high energy phosphate group to ADP to form ATP
Calvin cycle process by which a photosynthetic organism uses energy to synthesize simple sugars from CO2
Fermentation anaerobic process by which ATP is produced by glycolsis
Lactic acid product of fermentation in many types of cells, including human muscle cells
Cellular respiration process of producing ATP by breaking down carbon-based molecules when oxygen is present
Aerobic process that requires oxygen to occur
Glycolysis anaerobic process in which glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvate and two net ATP are produced
Anaerobic process that does not require oxygen to occur
Krebs cycle process during cellular respiration breaks down a carbon molecule to produce molecules that are used in the electron transport train
Created by: grantman
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